Factors associated with posttraumatic stress disorder following moderate to severe traumatic brain injury: a prospective study.

If we had anything approaching even a minimally decent stroke association this research would already be accomplished for survivors. But we don't, you'll just have to live with their fucking failures. Does your doctor even know that 23% of survivors get PTSD?
http://epworth.intersearch.com.au/epworthjspui/handle/11434/393

Epworth Authors:	Ponsford, Jennie Johnston, Lisa
Other Authors:	Alway, Yvette McKay, Adam Gould, Kate
Keywords:	Monash-Epworth Rehabilitation Research Centre, Epworth Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia Anxiety Disorders Neuroses, Anxiety Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic Posttraumatic Stress Disorders Neuroses, Posttraumatic Quality of Life Lifestyle Rehabilitation Recovery of Function Disability Evaluation Brain Injuries Injuries, Brain TBI Trauma, Brain Traumatic Brain Injury Patient Outcome Assessment Assessment, Patient Outcomes Outcomes Assessments, Patient Patient Admission PTSD
Issue Date:	2015
Publisher:	Wiley Online Library
Citation:	Depression and Anxiety 2015 Jul 28
Abstract:	BACKGROUND: This study prospectively examined the relationship between preinjury, injury-related, and postinjury factors and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) following moderate to severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). METHOD: Two hundred and three participants were recruited during inpatient admission following moderate to severe TBI. Participants completed an initial assessment soon after injury and were reassessed at 3, 6, and 12 months, 2, 3, 4, and 5 years postinjury. The Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-fourth edition was used to diagnose pre- and postinjury PTSD and other psychiatric disorders. The Glasgow Outcome Scale-Extended (GOSE) and the Quality of Life Inventory (QOLI) were used to evaluate functional and psychosocial outcome from 6 months postinjury. RESULTS: The frequency of PTSD ranged between 0.5 and 9.4% during the 5-year period, increasing throughout the first 12 months and declining thereafter. After controlling for other predictors, shorter posttraumatic amnesia duration (odds ratio = 0.96, 95% CI = 0.92-1.00), other concurrent psychiatric disorder (odds ratio = 14.22, 95% CI = 2.68-75.38), and lower GOSE (odds ratio = 0.38, 95% CI = 0.20-0.72) and QOLI scores (odds ratio = 0.97, 95% CI = 0.95-0.97) were associated with greater odds of having injury-related PTSD. DISCUSSION: The results of this study indicate that while shorter posttraumatic amnesia duration is associated with PTSD, greater TBI severity does not prevent PTSD from evolving. Patients with PTSD experienced high rates of psychiatric comorbidity and poorer functional and quality of life outcomes after TBI. CONCLUSION: There is a need to direct clinical attention to early identification and treatment of PTSD following TBI to improve outcomes.
URI:	http://hdl.handle.net/11434/393
DOI:	10.1022/da.22396
PubMed URL:	http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26219232