The visual amplification of goal-oriented movements counteracts acquired non-use in hemiparetic stroke patients

I bet this never makes it to your stroke department because we have no organization that rolls out new research to all stroke doctors and hospitals.  Expecting all the doctors and hospitals in the world to keep up and translate research into actionable protocols is an exercise in stupidity. Has your doctor EVER told you of new research they just read that changed your stroke protocols? Does your doctor read research?
http://jneuroengrehab.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12984-015-0039-z

• Belén Rubio BallesterEmail author,
• Jens Nirme,
• Esther Duarte,
• Ampar Cuxart,
• Susana Rodriguez,
• Paul Verschure and
• Armin Duff

Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation201512:50

DOI: 10.1186/s12984-015-0039-z

©  Rubio Ballester et al. 2015

Received: 5 February 2015

Accepted: 13 May 2015

Published: 9 June 2015

Abstract

Background

Stroke-induced impairments result from both primary and secondary causes, i.e. damage to the brain and the acquired non-use of the impaired limbs. Indeed, stroke patients often under-utilize their paretic limb despite sufficient residual motor function. We hypothesize that acquired non-use can be overcome by reinforcement-based training strategies.

Methods

Hemiparetic stroke patients (n = 20, 11 males, 9 right-sided hemiparesis) were asked to reach targets appearing in either the real world or in a virtual environment. Sessions were divided into 3 phases: baseline, intervention and washout. During the intervention the movement of the virtual representation of the patients’ paretic limb was amplified towards the target.

Results

We found that the probability of using the paretic limb during washout was significantly higher in comparison to baseline. Patients showed generalization of these results by displaying a more substantial workspace in real world task. These gains correlated with changes in effector selection patterns.

Conclusions

The amplification of the movement of the paretic limb in a virtual environment promotes the use of the paretic limb in stroke patients. Our findings indicate that reinforcement-based therapies may be an effective approach for counteracting learned non-use and may modulate motor performance in the real world.