Cheese consumption and risk of cardiovascular disease: a meta-analysis of prospective studies

No fucking clue what the conclusions and results mean. Insiders talking to insiders, stroke survivors be damned. So they should tell us if this new research invalidates or confirms this one:

Dairy products and the risk of stroke and coronary heart disease: the Rotterdam Study 

The latest here:

Cheese consumption and risk of cardiovascular disease: a meta-analysis of prospective studies

Authors

• Guo-Chong Chen, 

  Guo-Chong Chen

  • Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public HealthSoochow University
• Yan Wang, 

  Yan Wang

  • Yili Innovation CenterInner Mongolia Yili Industrial Group Co., Ltd.
• Xing Tong, 

  Xing Tong

  • Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public HealthSoochow University
• Ignatius M. Y. Szeto, 

  Ignatius M. Y. Szeto

  • Yili Innovation CenterInner Mongolia Yili Industrial Group Co., Ltd.
• Gerrit Smit, 

  Gerrit Smit

  • Yili R&D Center
• Zeng-Ning Li, 

  Zeng-Ning Li

  • Department of NutritionThe First Hospital of Hebei Medical University
• Li-Qiang Qin

  Li-Qiang Qin

  Email author

  • Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public HealthSoochow University

Original Contribution

First Online:

12 August 2016

Received:

10 March 2016

Accepted:

06 August 2016

DOI: 10.1007/s00394-016-1292-z

Cite this article as:

Chen, G., Wang, Y., Tong, X. et al. Eur J Nutr (2016). doi:10.1007/s00394-016-1292-z

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Abstract

Purpose

Cheese contains a high content of saturated fatty acids but also lists of potentially beneficial nutrients. How long-term cheese consumption affects the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is unclear. A meta-analysis of prospective observational studies was conducted to evaluate the risks of total CVD, coronary heart disease (CHD), and stroke associated with cheese consumption.

Methods

Potentially eligible studies were identified by searching PubMed and EMBASE databases and by carefully reviewing the bibliographies of retrieved publications and related reviews. The summary relative risks (RRs) with 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using the random-effects model.

Results

The final analyses included 15 prospective studies. Most of the studies excluded prevalent CVD at baseline (14/15) and had a duration >10 years (13/15). The summary RR for high vs. low cheese consumption was 0.90 (95 % CI 0.82–0.99) for total CVD (7 studies, 8076 events), 0.86 (95 % CI 0.77–0.96) for CHD (8 studies, 7631 events), and 0.90 (95 % CI 0.84–0.97) for stroke (7 studies, 10,449 events), respectively. The restricted cubic model indicated evidence of nonlinear relationships between cheese consumption and risks of total CVD (P_nonlinearity < 0.001) and stroke (P_nonlinearity = 0.015), with the largest risk reductions observed at the consumption of approximately 40 g/d.

Conclusions

This meta-analysis of prospective studies suggests a nonlinear inverse association between cheese consumption and risk of CVD.