Effectiveness of music-based interventions on motricity or cognitive functioning in neurological populations: A systematic review

If your doctor and hospital haven't set up music protocols for stroke they are completely incompetent.  Incompetent all the way back to March 2011, who has been fired for that incompetence?

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70 posts on music  Back to March 2011 

https://www.mdlinx.com/internal-medicine/medical-news-article/2017/07/13/music-nervous-system-diseases-cognitive-dysfunction/7224145/?rcid=96&inrc=0

European Journal of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine

Moumdjian L, et al.

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This research entailed the exploration of the efficacy of music–based interventions for neurological rehabilitation, with regard to motor and cognitive functioning. Various modalities using music–based interventions were determined in this study and grouped into four clusters. Effects of interventions illustrated an improvement in the domains that were analyzed. The evidence most available, was for the improvement of motricity, in stroke. Additional studies were necessitated to assess the cognition along with motor and cognition dysfunctions in combination. Instrument–based music interventions could lead to an improvement of the fine motor dexterity and gross motor functions in stroke. It was also observed that the rhythm–based music interventions could improve gait parameters of velocity and cadence in stroke, Parkinson’s disease and multiple sclerosis. Improvement could be seen in the cognition, in the domains of verbal memory and focused attention, after listening–based music interventions in stroke.

Methods

• The bifold intention of this paper was to:
• 1) Elucidate and define music-based intervention modalities and content, applied in experimental studies.
• 2) Elucidate the effects of these interventions on motor and/or cognitive symptoms in the neurological population.
• The data was extracted from PubMed and Web of Science.
• Cited references of included articles were screened for potential inclusion.
• A systematic literature search up to 20th of June 2016 included controlled trials and cohort studies which used music-based interventions for ≥3 weeks in the neurological population (in- and outpatients) targeting motor and/or cognitive symptoms.
• No limitations were set to publication date.

Results

• The recruited searches included nineteen articles comprising thirteen randomized controlled trials (total participants Nexp=241, Nctrl=269), four controlled trials (Nexp=59, Nctrl=53) and two cohort studies (N.=27).
• Fourteen studies were conducted in stroke, three in Parkinson’s disease, and two in multiple sclerosis population.
• Modalities of music-based interventions were clustered into four groups: Instrument-based, listening-based, rhythm-based, and multicomponent-based music interventions.
• The studies consistently illustrated that music-based interventions exhibited similar or larger effects than conventional rehabilitation on upper limb function (N.=16; fine motricity, hand and arm capacity, finger and hand tapping velocity/variability), mobility (N.=7; gait parameters), and cognition (N.=4; verbal memory and focused attention).