Potential is not good enough, we need protocols. GET THERE!
Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) for upper limb rehabilitation after stroke: future directions.
- Bernhard Elsner,
- Joachim Kugler and
- Jan MehrholzEmail author
Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation201815:106
© The Author(s). 2018
- Received: 3 September 2018
- Accepted: 7 November 2018
- Published: 15 November 2018
Abstract
Transcranial
Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) is a potentially useful tool to
improve upper limb rehabilitation outcomes after stroke, although its
effects in this regard have shown to be limited so far. Additional
increases in effectiveness of tDCS in upper limb rehabilitation after
stroke may for example be achieved by (1) applying a more focal
stimulation approach like high definition tDCS (HD-tDCS), (2) involving
functional imaging techniques during stimulation to identify target
areas more exactly, (3) applying tDCS during Electroencephalography
(EEG) (EEG-tDCS), (4) focusing on an effective upper limb rehabilitation
strategy as an effective base treatment after stroke. Perhaps going
even beyond the application of tDCS and applying alternative stimulation
techniques such as transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation (tACS)
or transcranial Random Noise Stimulation (tRNS) will further increase
effectiveness of upper limb rehabilitation after strok
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