Since
the early 1990s, we have known that the adult brain is not static and
has the capacity to repair itself. The delivery of various therapeutic
factors and cells have resulted in some exciting pre-clinical and
clinical outcomes in stroke models by targeting post-injury plasticity
to enhance recovery. Developing a deeper understanding of the pathways
that modulate plasticity will enable us to optimize delivery strategies
for therapeutics and achieve more robust effects. Biomaterials are a key
tool for the optimization of these potential treatments, owing to their
biocompatibility and tunability. In this review, we identify factors
and targets that impact plastic processes known to contribute to
recovery, discuss the role of biomaterials in enhancing the efficacy of
treatment strategies, and suggest combinatorial approaches based on the
stage of injury progression.
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