Tuesday, April 21, 2020

Advances in Studies on Stroke-Induced Secondary Neurodegeneration (SND) and Its Treatment

Your chances of getting dementia.


1. A documented 33% dementia chance post-stroke from an Australian study?   May 2012.


2. Then this study came out and seems to have a range from 17-66%. December 2013.


3. A 20% chance in this research.   July 2013.


4. Dementia Risk Doubled in Patients Following Stroke September 2018 


5. Parkinson’s Disease May Have Link to Stroke March 2017

Abstract 


BACKGROUND:
The occurrence of secondary neurodegeneration has been exclusively observed after the first incidence of stroke. In humans and rodents, post-stroke secondary neurodegeneration (SND) is an inevitable event that can lead to progressive neuronal loss at a region distant to initial infarct. SND can lead to cognitive and motor function impairment, finally causing dementia. The exact pathophysiology of the event is yet to be explored. It is seen that the thalami, in particular, are susceptible to cause SND. The reason behind this is because the thalamus functioning as the relay centre and is positioned as an interlocked structure with direct synaptic signaling connection with the cortex. As SND proceeds, accumulation of misfolded proteins and microglial activation are seen in the thalamus. This leads to increased neuronal loss and worsening of functional and cognitive impairment. 
OBJECTIVE:
There is a necessity of specific interventions to prevent post-stroke SND, which are not properly investigated to date owing to sparsely reproducible pre-clinical and clinical data. The basis of this review is to thoroughly investigate about post-stroke SND and its updated treatment approaches. 
METHOD:
Our article presents a detailed survey of advances in studies on stroke-induced secondary neurodegeneration (SND) and its treatment. 
RESULTS:
This article aims to put forward the pathophysiology of the progressive disease. We have also tabulated the latest treatment approaches along with different neuroimaging system that will be helpful for future reference to explore. 
CONCLUSION:
In this article, we have reviewed the available reports on SND pathophysiology, detection techniques and possible treatment modalities that have not been attempted till date.

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