ABSTRACT
Objective
To
provide a novel overview of the literature and to summarise the
evidence for the effects of aerobic exercise (AE) on serum biomarkers
neuroplasticity and brain repair in stroke survivors.
Data Source
We
conducted a systematic review and searched MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane
CENTRAL using terms related to AE, neuroplasticity, brain repair, and
stroke.
Study Selection
Titles,
abstracts, and selected full texts were screened by two independent
reviewers against the following inclusion criteria: studies including
adult stroke survivors, completing an AE intervention working within the
AE capacity, with at least one blood biomarker outcome of interest
measured.
Data Extraction
Two
independent reviewers extracted data and assessed risk of bias using
Risk of Bias In Non-randomised Studies – of Interventions (ROBINS-I) and
Cochrane's Risk of Bias 2 (RoB 2) tools.
Data Synthesis
Nine
studies (n=215 participants) were included, reporting on the following
outcomes: brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), insulin-like growth
factor-1 (IGF-1), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), cortisol,
interleukin-6 (IL-6) and myeloperoxidase (MPO). A single bout of
high-intensity interval training significantly increased BDNF, IGF-1 and
VEGF levels, and a 40-45-minute, 24-session, continuous eight-week AE
training program significantly increased BDNF levels. No significant
difference in response to any other AE intervention was found in other
serum biomarkers.
Conclusion
AE
can significantly increase BDNF, IGF-1 and VEGF across different AE
protocols in stroke survivors. However, more research is needed to
determine the optimal exercise intensity and modalities, specifically in
acute and subacute stroke survivors, and how this may relate to
functional outcomes.
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