Biomarkers Predictive of Long-Term Outcome After Ischemic Stroke: A Meta-Analysis

Biomarkers are totally fucking useless, they just predict the status quo and in stroke that is a complete failure.  Unless we get survivors in charge and use these biomarkers as a start to create research to 100% recovery. Anyone using them has given up on solving stroke and needs to be fired.

Biomarkers Predictive of Long-Term Outcome After Ischemic Stroke: A Meta-Analysis

 

Author links open overlay panelSausonSoldozyMD¹KaanYağmurluMD¹PedroNoratMD¹MazinElsarragMS¹JohnCostelloBA¹FarazFarzadBA¹Jennifer D.SokolowskiMD, PhD¹Khadijeh A.SharifiPhD¹TurkiElarjaniMD²JoshuaBurksMD²PetrTvrdikPhD¹Mark E.ShaffreyMD¹Min S.ParkMD¹Robert M.StarkeMD²ErrolGordonMD³M. Yashar S.KalaniMD, PhD³

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wneu.2021.10.157Get rights and content

Abstract

Background and Purpose

The goal of this study was to systematically review the utility of serum biomarkers in the setting of ischemic stroke (IS) to predict long-term outcome.

Methods

A systematic literature review was performed using the PubMed and MEDLINE databases for studies published between 1986-2018. All studies assessing long-term functional outcome (defined as 30 days or greater) following IS with respect to serum biomarkers were included. Data were extracted and pooled using a meta-analysis of odds ratios.

Results

Of the total 2928 articles in the original literature search, 183 studies were ultimately selected. A total of 127 serum biomarkers were included. Biomarkers were grouped into several categories: inflammatory (32), peptide/enzymatic (30), oxidative/metabolic (28), hormone/steroid based (23), and hematologic/vascular (14). The most commonly studied biomarkers in each category were found to be CRP, S100β, albumin, copeptin, and D-dimer. With the exception of S100β, all were found to be statistically associated with >30-day outcome after ischemic stroke.

Conclusions

Serum-based biomarkers have the potential to predict functional outcome in IS patients. This meta-analysis has identified CRP, albumin, copeptin, and D-dimer to be significantly associated with long-term outcome after IS. These biomarkers have the potential to serve as a platform for prognosticating stroke outcomes after 30 days. These serum biomarkers, some of which are routinely ordered, can be combined with imaging biomarkers and used in artificial intelligence algorithms to provide refined predictive outcomes after injury. Ultimately these tools will assist physicians in providing guidance to families with regards to long-term independence of patients.