Molecular Mechanisms of Angiogenesis: Brain is in the Focus

You need angiogenesis post stroke. WHAT EXACTLY IS YOUR DOCTOR DOING TO PROVIDE IT?

Angiogenesis is the formation of new blood vessels. This process involves the migration, growth, and differentiation of endothelial cells, which line the inside wall of blood vessels. The process of angiogenesis is controlled by chemical signals in the body.

Molecular Mechanisms of Angiogenesis: Brain is in the Focus

Аннотация научной статьи по биотехнологиям в медицине, автор научной работы — M.V. Ryazanova, A.S. Averchuk, S.V. Novikova, A.B. Salmina

Deciphering the cellular and molecular mechanisms of the development and remodeling of blood vessels is one of the topical areas of modern (patho)physiology and cell biology. Initially, interest in these processes was mainly associated with the need to find the mechanisms of tissues and organ developments, as well as the vascularization of tumors. In recent years, mechanisms of (neo)angiogenesis in physiological conditions and pathologies have attracted the increasing attention of researchers. In the context of the central nervous system physiology, this issue is quite new; however, there is accumulating experimental and clinical evidence that brain plasticity includes not only phenomenon of neurogenesis, synaptic transmission, dynamic changes in the number and activity of synapses, various intercellular interactions, secretion of a wide range of neurotransmitters, gliotransmitters, cytokines and growth factors, but also specific changes in local microcirculation, establishment and regression of microvessels, and altered permeability of the blood-brain barrier in active brain regions. Until now, mechanisms underlying the development and involution of blood vessels in the brain tissue are very scattered; however, some signaling pathways have been identified, in particular, those associated with the response of cells to hypoxia. Obviously, identification of such mechanisms is important for a better understanding of brain development and plasticity, searching for new marker molecules and target molecules used for the accurate diagnostics, effective treatment and reliable prognosis of brain pathologies associated with insufficient or excessive tissue vascularization and aberrant vessel remodeling, as well as for adequate reproduction of cerebral vascular networks within the in vitro microphysiological systems.