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Can coenzyme Q10 reduce the risk of side effects from statins?
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The Role of Coenzyme Q10 in Cardiovascular Disease Treatment: An Updated 2024 Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies (2000-2023)
Abstract
Background:
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of
death globally. Mitochondrial dysfunction is implicated in the
pathogenesis of various CVDs. Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), a crucial component
of the mitochondrial electron transport chain, has potential
cardioprotective effects. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of
adding CoQ10 nutrient supplementation in the Treatment of Cardiovascular
Disease Protocols in patients with CVDs.
Methods:
This systematic
review and meta-analysis assessed data from PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane
Library databases up to January 2024. Prespecified inclusion criteria
were randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involving adult patients with
CVDs, comparing CoQ10 supplementation with placebo or standard care.
Exclusion criteria included non-randomized studies, studies without a
control group, and those not reporting relevant outcomes. Data
extraction and quality assessment were performed independently by two
reviewers. The primary outcome was improvement in mitochondrial
function, assessed through ATP production and mitochondrial respiratory
capacity. Secondary outcomes included changes in systolic function,
measured by ejection fraction. Statistical analysis was conducted using
Review Manager software.
Findings:
The search identified 243 studies, of
which 5 RCTs met the inclusion criteria, encompassing a total of 1,200
participants (600 male, 600 female). CoQ10 supplementation significantly
improved mitochondrial function in cardiomyocytes, evidenced by
increased ATP production and enhanced mitochondrial respiratory
capacity. Additionally, CoQ10 was associated with a significant
improvement in systolic function, measured by ejection fraction (mean
difference: 5.6%, 95% CI: 3.2% to 8.0%, p<0.001). The risk of bias
across studies was generally low, with an I statistic of 25% indicating
low heterogeneity. Interpretation: This meta-analysis supports the
beneficial effects of CoQ10 on mitochondrial function and systolic
performance in patients with CVD. These findings suggest that CoQ10
supplementation could be a valuable adjunctive therapy in this
population. However, further large-scale RCTs are necessary to confirm
these results and determine the optimal dosage and duration of therapy.
Keywords: Coenzyme Q10, Ubiquinone, Cardiovascular diseases, Heart
failure, Myocardial infarction,
Coronary artery disease, Mitochondrial dysfunction, Ejection fraction, Endothelial function
Cardiovascular Disease
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