Tissue Engineering Approaches for Motor Neuron Pathway Regeneration

Your doctor better be able to tell you  how to reconnect up your motor neuron pathway. A neurologist should easily understand this and apply it to your recovery.
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Abstract
During fetal development, a tightly-regulated spatio-temporal
pattern of guidance cues directs and maintains motor neuron axonal
growth along specific pathways to reach the target cells and tissues.
However, an inflammatory environment resulting from an injury
(e.g., trauma, stroke) or disease [e.g., amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
(ALS), primary lateral sclerosis (PLS), and hereditary spastic
paraplegia (HSP)] leads to progressive degeneration of motor
neurons and destruction of axonal tracts in the adult CNS. Failure
to reinstate healthy axonal connections under these conditions
can severely compromise locomotor function, resulting in muscle
atrophy, paralysis and death. Annually, thousands of people are
diagnosed with various motor neuron related injuries and diseases
in the United States, and a majority of them succumb to this condition
soon after. Efforts to regenerate and accurately re-establish the
lost motor neuronal networks using drug delivery, gene therapy or
stem cell transplantation yielded valuable information regarding
disease progression and functional circuitry formation. Recent
investigations using animal models identified the role of various
genes and biomolecules involved in motor neuron and related
subcerebral projection neurogenesis. These results suggest that
developing motor neurons could be guided by a mixture of diffusible
growth factors, through varying extracellular matrix environments,
to induce robust axonal outgrowth and target identification. This
review discusses state-of-the-art tissue engineering approaches
and techniques currently employed to promote motor neuron repair
and axonal pathway regeneration under injury/ disease conditions.