Abstract
Stroke
is a leading cause of death and disability. It is a complex and largely
heterogeneous condition. Prognosis for variations in impairment and
recovery following stroke continues to be challenging and inaccurate,
highlighting the need to examine the influence of other currently
unknown variables to better predict and understand interindividual
differences in stroke impairment and recovery. The concept of “cognitive
reserve,” a feature of brain function said to moderate the relationship
between brain pathology and clinical outcomes, might provide a partial
explanation. This review discusses the potential significance of
cognitive reserve in the context of stroke, with reference to reduced
burden of disability poststroke, health promotion, intervention and
secondary prevention of cognitive impairment, ease and challenges of
translation into clinical practice, prognosis and prediction of
recovery, and clinical decisions and trial stratification. Discussions
from the review aim to encourage stroke clinicians and researchers to
better consider the role of premorbid, lifestyle-related variables, such
as cognitive reserve, in facilitating successful neurological outcomes
and recovery following stroke.
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