Introduction
Mobile
stroke units have recently been introduced in the care of patients
suspected of having an acute stroke, leading to shortening in the time
to thrombolytics. We aimed to compare the clinical effectiveness in
terms of functional outcome and survival among patients treated in
mobile stroke unit and/or conventional care.
Methods
A
systematic search of electronic databases, comparing the clinical
outcomes among patients with acute stroke in the same study was
conducted from 1990 to 2019. Pooled and subgroup analysis were performed
using the random- and fixed-effect model based upon the I2 heterogeneity.
Results
A
total of 21,297 patients from 11 publications (seven randomized
controlled trials and four non-randomized controlled trials including
prospective cohort studies) were retrieved. This included 6065 (n = 28.4%) of the patients treated in the mobile stroke unit and 71.6% (n = 15,232)
of the patients managed in the conventional care. The mean age at
clinical presentation (70.1 ± 14.5 vs. 71.05 ± 15.8) and National
Institute Health Stroke Scale (9.8 ± 1.7 vs. 8.4 ± 1.5) was comparable (p > 0.05)
in patients treated with mobile stroke unit and conventional care,
respectively. The mean time-to-treatment window was significantly
shorter among the patients treated in mobile stroke unit compared to
conventional care (62.0 min vs. 75.0 min; p = 0.03,
respectively). The pooled analysis of clinical outcome at day 7
indicated that patients treated in mobile stroke unit had 1.46-folds
higher likelihood of better clinical outcome (modified Rankin scale 0–2)
than those in the hospital (odds ratio: 1.46, 95% confidence interval:
1.306–2.03, p = 0.02). However, there was no significant
difference in terms of mortality (odds ratio: 0.98, 95% confidence
interval: 0.81–1.18, p = 0.80), stroke-related neurological deficits (odds ratio: 1.37, 95% confidence interval: 0.81–2.32, p = 0.24), and other serious adverse events (odds ratio: 0.69, 95% confidence interval: 0.39–1.20, p = 0.19) among patients treated in mobile stroke unit versus conventional care.
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