I see nothing here that even remotely states what should be done to get recovered! You got published but DID NOTHING for getting survivors recovered!
Neurostimulant Use for Rehabilitation and Recovery After Stroke: A Narrative Literature Review
Abstract
BACKGROUND:
Stroke
often results in significant impairments across various domains,
including movement, language, cognition, and mood. Neurostimulants have
been proposed as potential therapeutic interventions to enhance recovery
in these areas.
METHODS:
This
narrative literature review examines clinical trials investigating the
efficacy of neurostimulants in poststroke recovery. It evaluates
outcomes related to aphasia, motor deficits, cognition, fatigue, and
depression.
RESULTS:
The
qualitative analysis included 34 trials testing the following
neurostimulants: methylphenidate (n=6), amphetamines (n=8), memantine
(n=2), modafinil (n=2), levodopa (n=14), amantadine (n=1), bromocriptine
(n=3), and ropinirole (n=1). Of the 34 studies, 31 were randomized,
placebo-controlled (double-blind, n=27; single-blind, n=2; unblinded
n=2), 2 were randomized and not placebo-controlled, and 1 was not
randomized. Study design was either multiarm (n=23), crossover (n=10),
or used subjects as their own control (n=1). Mean sample size was 49.4
(5–593).
CONCLUSIONS:
Current
evidence suggests that memantine may be effective for aphasia, although
few phase III trials exist, whereas bromocriptine and amphetamines lack
sufficient evidence for long-term recovery of aphasia. Levodopa may
improve motor aphasias but has not shown long-term benefits for motor
recovery. Similarly, ropinirole has not been shown to improve poststroke
motor outcomes. Methylphenidate has limited efficacy for cognitive
improvement but may enhance poststroke functionality and mood. Modafinil
may help with poststroke fatigue. In conclusion, there are promising
results of positive effects of neurostimulants with few side effects,
though studies are limited by heterogeneous designs and small sample
sizes. Neurostimulant efficacy must be assessed in conjunction with
specific rehabilitation modalities as part of larger, well-designed
studies to best understand their effects on impairment.
Graphical Abstract
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