Once we know the EXACT LOCATION; our researchers can determine the EXACT RECOVERY PROTOCOLS that fix such damage. And we can forever remove the stupid saying; 'All strokes are different, all stroke recoveries are different'.
AI Can Assist With Brain Lesion Localisation Following Stroke
Artificial intelligence (AI) may serve as a future tool for neurologists to locate where in the brain a stroke has occurred, according to a study published in Neurology Clinical Practice.
For the study, a large language model, generative pre-trained transformer 4 (GPT-4), was trained on history and neurologic physical examination from published cases
“Not everyone with stroke has access to brain scans or neurologists, so we wanted to determine whether GPT-4 could accurately locate brain lesions after stroke based on a person’s health history and a neurologic exam,” said Jung-Hyun Lee, MD, State University of New York Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, New York.
To evaluate the efficacy of GPT-4 for locating lesions in the brain, Dr. Lee and colleagues used 46 published cases of patients with stroke. The researchers fed raw text from patients’ health histories and neurologic exams into GPT-4. They asked the AI to answer 3 questions: whether a patient had 1 or more lesions; on which side of the brain lesions were located; and in which region of the brain the lesions were found. They repeated these questions for each patient 3 times. Results from GPT-4 were then compared with brain scans for each patient.
Researchers found that GPT-4 processed the text from the health histories and neurologic exams to locate lesions in many patients’ brains, identifying which side of the brain the lesion was on, as well as the specific brain region, with the exception of lesions in the cerebellum and spinal cord.
GPT-4 was able to identify the side of the brain where lesions were found with a sensitivity of 74% and a specificity of 87%. It also identified the brain region with a sensitivity of 85% and a specificity of 94%.
When looking at how often the 3 tests had the same result for each patient, GPT-4 was consistent for 76% of patients regarding the number of brain lesions. It was consistent for 83% of patients for the side of the brain, and for 87% of patients regarding the brain regions.
However, when combining its responses to all 3 questions across all 3 times, GPT-4 provided accurate answers for only 41% of patients.
“While not yet ready for use in the clinic, large language models such as generative pre-trained transformers have the potential not only to assist in locating lesions after stroke, they may also reduce healthcare disparities because they can function across different languages,” concluded Dr. Lee. “The potential for use is encouraging, especially due to the great need for improved healthcare in underserved areas across multiple countries where access to neurologic care is limited.”
Reference: https://www.neurology.org/doi/10.1212/CPJ.0000000000200293
SOURCE: American Academy of Neurology
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