Citrus Fruits as a Treasure Trove of Active Natural Metabolites That Potentially Provide Benefits for Human Health

Only 4.5 years old.  Is that enough time for your doctor and stroke hospital to incompetently not create stroke diet protocols?  Up to you but I would have them all fired starting with the board of directors.   If your stroke medical 'professionals' can't see the word neuroprotection and immediately think of usefulness in stroke recovery then you have cesspools of incompetence.  But this is just my non-medical opinion.

Citrus Fruits as a Treasure Trove of Active Natural Metabolites That Potentially Provide Benefits for Human Health

. 2015 Dec 24;9:68.

doi: 10.1186/s13065-015-0145-9. eCollection 2015. 

Xinmiao Lv  ¹ , Siyu Zhao  ¹ , Zhangchi Ning  ¹ , Honglian Zeng  ¹ , Yisong Shu  ¹ , Ou Tao  ¹ , Cheng Xiao  ² , Cheng Lu  ³ , Yuanyan Liu  ¹

Affiliations

• PMID: 26705419
• PMCID: PMC4690266
• DOI: 10.1186/s13065-015-0145-9

Free PMC article

Abstract

Citrus fruits, which are cultivated worldwide, have been recognized as some of the most high-consumption fruits in terms of energy, nutrients and health supplements. What is more, a number of these fruits have been used as traditional medicinal herbs to cure diseases in several Asian countries. Numerous studies have focused on Citrus secondary metabolites as well as bioactivities and have been intended to develop new chemotherapeutic or complementary medicine in recent decades. Citrus-derived secondary metabolites, including flavonoids, alkaloids, limonoids, coumarins, carotenoids, phenolic acids and essential oils, are of vital importance to human health due to their active properties. These characteristics include anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, as well as cardiovascular protective effects, neuroprotective effects, etc. This review summarizes the global distribution and taxonomy, numerous secondary metabolites and bioactivities of Citrus fruits to provide a reference for further study. Flavonoids as characteristic bioactive metabolites in Citrus fruits are mainly introduced.

Cut Stroke Risk 40% By Eating This Delicious Snack

Oh hell, that's nothing. You as an alternative medicine site should refer to something alternative. Fruits are not alternative, just standard medical practice.
Marijuana buds 50%  A Marijuana Bud A Day Keeps The Stroke Away

Cut Stroke Risk 40% By Eating This Delicious Snack

If you could take a magic pill, that caused absolutely no side effects, that cut your risk of suffering stroke and heart attack in half, wouldn’t you take it?
How about if there was one small, delicious snack that had the same effects?

You can find this snack in every supermarket and you probably already have it in your kitchen. Isn’t that easily worth saving your life?

And just to set the record straight, this snack was proven more effective than any cholesterol or blood pressure drug in a recent study recently conducted by Oxford University.
Mom was right all along! Fruits and fresh, leafy vegetables are good for you.
And it took a study spanning seven years conducted on half a million people to prove mom right. It involved 451,681 people with no previous history of cardiovascular disease at the beginning of the study.
The participants were divided into five groups based on their fruit-eating habits – Daily, 4-6 days a week, 1-3 days per week, monthly and never. About 18 percent of the participants ate fruits every day, while at the other end of the spectrum about 6.3 percent of participants never ate fruits at all.
Over the course of 7 years, 19,300 heart attack cases and 19,689 cases of stroke were recorded.Those who ate fruits daily, compared to those who never ate fruits, had a 15% lesser risk of developing overall cardiovascular diseases.But when it came to a stroke risk, the numbers were stunning. Those who ate fruits daily were 40% less likely to suffer stroke than those who never or seldom ate fruits.Better still, people who ate fruits regularly also had 3 points lower blood pressure readings than those who avoided them. Citrus fruits were discovered to be the best options as they offered the maximum benefits. So make sure you snack on some delicious oranges, mandarins, grape fruits or other citrus.
Another study conducted by University College, London revealed that eating about 7 portions of fresh fruits and vegetables daily can reduce the risks of death by all causes by up to 42 percent.
If you aren’t convinced already, this is the time to make fruits and vegetables an essential part of your diet. Next time, push away that bag of chips and take a piece of fruit instead.
But if you already have high blood pressure, changing your diet habits may not be enough to bring it down to a healthy level. Instead, try these 3 easy exercises proven to lower blood pressure – starting today…
Or, if your cholesterol is too high, learn how cutting out ONE single ingredient will normalize your cholesterol in 30 days or less and clear out clogged arteries…

Citrus consumption could help lower onset of dementia

It is never explicitly said but I assume this is actual fruit, not juice.  I remember getting oranges in the hospital, had to leave them, there is really no good way to peel them one-handed and my OT obviously did not know about them since I never received any training on how to compensate and either peel or cut them up. But still more followup needed before you can complain about your doctors lack of a dementia prevention diet protocol.
https://www.mdlinx.com/family-medicine/medical-news-article/2017/09/08/dementia-citrus-consumption/7431253/?

Tohoku University Research News | September 08, 2017

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Tohoku University researchers have found some evidence to suggest that daily intake of citrus fruits, such as oranges, grapefruits, lemons or limes, could reduce the risk of dementia developing among older adults by almost 15 percent.

As dementia continues to affect more people around the world - countries like Japan with ageing populations are especially vulnerable - it is hoped that this new dietary approach could be both a simple and effective solution.

The edible parts of citrus are rich in citrus flavonoids. Some cell and animal experiments have shown that citrus flavonoids can cross the blood-brain barrier and play a part in antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions. This, according to previous studies, could reverse and repair some forms of cellular damage.

Until now, only one cross-sectional study had been done, and the results suggest that high intake of citrus is positively associated with better cognitive function. To further investigate the relationship between citrus consumption and incidence of dementia, the Tohoku University team performed statistical analysis using data from the Ohsaki Cohort 2006 Study. The Ohsaki Cohort 2006 study is composed of Japanese people aged 65 years and older, who were living in Ohsaki City, northeastern Japan, on December 1, 2006. A baseline survey was conducted to collect information on the frequency of citrus consumption in the community. Researchers then followed up with 13,373 responders in 2012 to see how many in the cohort had developed dementia over that period of about six years.

The survey included a variety of questions about dietary and lifestyle habits, and responses related to the consumption of citrus were broadly classified into three groups: those consuming citrus ?2 times/week, 3-4 times/week and almost every day.

The researchers also characterized the baseline of other factors that may be related to dementia, such as psychological distress, motor functions and cognitive functions. The primary outcome was the onset of dementia as defined by the Long-term Care Insurance system, a mandatory form of national social insurance, used in Japan.

The research team, led by Tohoku University lecturer Yasutake Tomata and Professor Ichiro Tsuji, also did analyses to assess whether their finding was an artifact of reverse causality. For example, was it possible that individuals with lower cognitive scores consumed less citrus?

By looking at respondents with only high cognitive scores, the inverse relationship between citrus consumption and incident dementia did not change significantly.

While the researchers were encouraged by the results of their study, they cautioned that more factors need to be considered before a definitive conclusion about citrus consumption and dementia can be reached. Some of the factors include the causes of dementia, as well as demographics and location of the study group.

Citrus consumption could help lower onset of dementia

Your doctor should have all these details already given to you. You'll likely need it.
Maybe my ideas here?

Dementia prevention 19 ways

1. A documented 33% dementia chance post-stroke from an Australian study?   May 2012.
2. Then this study came out and seems to have a range from 17-66%. December 2013.
3. A 20% chance in this research.   July 2013.

Citrus consumption could help lower onset of dementia

Tohoku University Research News

Tohoku University researchers have found some evidence to suggest that daily intake of citrus fruits, such as oranges, grapefruits, lemons or limes, could reduce the risk of dementia developing among older adults by almost 15 percent.

As dementia continues to affect more people around the world - countries like Japan with ageing populations are especially vulnerable - it is hoped that this new dietary approach could be both a simple and effective solution.

The edible parts of citrus are rich in citrus flavonoids. Some cell and animal experiments have shown that citrus flavonoids can cross the blood-brain barrier and play a part in antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions. This, according to previous studies, could reverse and repair some forms of cellular damage.

Until now, only one cross-sectional study had been done, and the results suggest that high intake of citrus is positively associated with better cognitive function. To further investigate the relationship between citrus consumption and incidence of dementia, the Tohoku University team performed statistical analysis using data from the Ohsaki Cohort 2006 Study. The Ohsaki Cohort 2006 study is composed of Japanese people aged 65 years and older, who were living in Ohsaki City, northeastern Japan, on December 1, 2006. A baseline survey was conducted to collect information on the frequency of citrus consumption in the community. Researchers then followed up with 13,373 responders in 2012 to see how many in the cohort had developed dementia over that period of about six years.

The survey included a variety of questions about dietary and lifestyle habits, and responses related to the consumption of citrus were broadly classified into three groups: those consuming citrus ?2 times/week, 3-4 times/week and almost every day.

The researchers also characterized the baseline of other factors that may be related to dementia, such as psychological distress, motor functions and cognitive functions. The primary outcome was the onset of dementia as defined by the Long-term Care Insurance system, a mandatory form of national social insurance, used in Japan.

The research team, led by Tohoku University lecturer Yasutake Tomata and Professor Ichiro Tsuji, also did analyses to assess whether their finding was an artifact of reverse causality. For example, was it possible that individuals with lower cognitive scores consumed less citrus?

By looking at respondents with only high cognitive scores, the inverse relationship between citrus consumption and incident dementia did not change significantly.

While the researchers were encouraged by the results of their study, they cautioned that more factors need to be considered before a definitive conclusion about citrus consumption and dementia can be reached. Some of the factors include the causes of dementia, as well as demographics and location of the study group.

Flavanone intake is inversely associated with risk of incident ischemic stroke in the REasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) study

I think this means more Flavanone intake  results in fewer strokes. Which should mean our fucking failures of stroke associations get cracking on a stroke diet protocol with exact amounts to eat. Research is going to be needed to be followed up using stroke survivors. 

Flavanone intake is inversely associated with risk of incident ischemic stroke in the REasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) study

The Journal of Nutrition, 09/26/2016 Goetz ME, et al.

In this study, the researchers conclude that greater utilization of flavanones, but not total or other flavonoid subclasses, was contrarily connected with incident ischemic stroke. In ischemic stroke incidence associations did not differ by sex, race, or region for the association; but, regional differences in flavanone intake may contribute to regional disparities. In blacks higher flavanone intake recommends that flavanone intake is not implicated in racial disparities in ischemic stroke incidence.

Methods

• 20,024 participants were evaluated in the REGARDS (Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke) study, a biracial prospective study.
• They excluded participants with stroke history(WHY?) or missing dietary data.
• They estimated flavonoid intake by using a Block98 food frequency questionnaire and the USDA’s Provisional Flavonoid Addendum and Proanthocyanidin Database.
• They assessed associations between quintiles of flavonoid intake and incident ischemic stroke by using Cox proportional hazards models, adjusting for confounders.

Results

• 524 acute ischemic strokes happened over 6.5 y.
• As per the outcomes, flavanone intake was lower in the Southeastern United States but higher in blacks than in whites.
• Flavanone intake was inversely associated with incident ischemic stroke (HR: 0.72; 95% CI: 0.55, 0.95; P–trend = 0.03), after multivariable adjustment.
• The study observed that consumption of citrus fruits and juices was inversely associated with incident ischemic stroke (HR: 0.69; 95% CI: 0.53, 0.91; P–trend = 0.02).
• No association was found between total flavonoids and other flavonoid subclasses with incident ischemic stroke.
• The study reveal that there was no statistical interaction with sex, race, or region for any flavonoid measure.

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