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Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) Predicts Risk of PTSD
An assay for brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) effectively
targets individuals at high risk of developing post-traumatic stress
disorder (PTSD), according to results of a pilot study presented at the
169th Annual Meeting of the American Psychiatric Association (APA).
BDNF is a predictive biomarker of PTSD in patients exposed to a
traumatic event. An initial BDNF rate may help screen at-risk patients
and allocate resources early to prevent or limit PTSD progression,
explained coauthors Hafid Belhadj-Tahar, MD, PhD, Fondation Bon Sauveur,
Albi, France and Marc Passamar, MD, Centre Hospitalier Spécialisé
Pierre Jamet, Albi, in their abstract presented here on May 16. The researchers enrolled 12 volunteers and divided them into 2 groups: 7 patients who had been exposed to a traumatic event within the past 72 hours, and 5 control subjects who had not been exposed to trauma.
On day 1, the authors assessed all patients with the Trauma History Questionnaire (THQ), the Peritraumatic Distress Inventory (PDI), and the Peritraumatic Dissociative Experiences Questionnaire (PDEQ).
The investigators collected, centrifuged, and stored venous blood from participants, then analysed it using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). They analysed overall results using the Student t test and Pearson’s correlation coefficients.
At days 30 and 90, they assessed all patients with the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders (SCID-I) and the PTSD Checklist–Specific (PCL-S).
The BDNF rate was significantly lower in the group exposed to trauma compared with the control group: 6.20 ± 1.73 ng/ml for the participants exposed to trauma versus 21.79 ± 1.76 ng/ml for the control subjects (P < .001).
The BDNF rate was significantly lower in victims of physical aggression compared with those who had witnessed a traumatic event: 4.36 ± 0.37 ng/ml for the assault group versus 6.94 ± 1.44 ng/ml for the control group (P = .03).
The BDNF level was significantly inversely correlated with peritraumatic distress intensity (r = -0.75; P < .05).
The researchers observed a sharp drop in BDNF levels almost every time distress symptoms were present. The BDNF rate was significantly lower in 3 participants with PTSD (4.5 ± 0.4 ng/ml) compared with 4 participants without PTSD (7.5 ± 0.9 ng/ml) (P = .001).
“A prospective study with more volunteers is in progress to confirm the results of this pilot study,” the authors concluded.
This trial excluded individuals with neurological illness, psychiatric disorders, alcohol or substance abuse / dependence, and serious medical illness as well as those who had taken anti-inflammatory medication during the previous 2 weeks.
[Presentation title: Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) as a Predictive Biomarker of the Occurrence of PTSD: Pilot Prospective Study.]
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