http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26712339
Kaufmann T1, Elvsåshagen T2, Alnæs D3, Zak N4, Pedersen PØ5, Norbom LB6, Quraishi SH7, Tagliazucchi E8, Laufs H8, Bjørnerud A9, Malt UF10, Andreassen OA11, Roussos E12, Duff EP12, Smith SM12, Groote IR13, Westlye LT14.
Abstract
Sleep
is a universal phenomenon necessary for maintaining homeostasis and
function across a range of organs. Lack of sleep has severe
health-related consequences affecting whole-body functioning, yet no
other organ is as severely affected as the brain. The neurophysiological
mechanisms underlying these deficits are poorly understood. Here, we
characterize the dynamic changes in brain connectivity profiles
inflicted by sleep deprivation and how they deviate from regular daily
variability. To this end, we obtained functional magnetic resonance
imaging data from 60 young, adult male participants, scanned in the
morning and evening of the same day and again the following morning. 41
participants underwent total sleep deprivation before the third scan,
whereas the remainder had another night of regular sleep. Sleep
deprivation strongly altered the connectivity of several resting-state
networks, including dorsal attention, default mode, and hippocampal
networks. Multivariate classification based on connectivity profiles
predicted deprivation state with high accuracy, corroborating the
robustness of the findings on an individual level. Finally, correlation
analysis suggested that morning-to-evening connectivity changes were
reverted by sleep (control group)-a pattern which did not occur after
deprivation. We conclude that both, a day of waking and a night of sleep
deprivation dynamically alter the brain functional connectome.
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