http://bmcmedicine.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12916-016-0742-z
- Xuexian Fang,
- Kai Wang,
- Dan Han,
- Xuyan He,
- Jiayu Wei,
- Lu Zhao,
- Mustapha Umar Imam,
- Zhiguang Ping,
- Yusheng Li,
- Yuming Xu,
- Junxia Min and
- Fudi WangEmail authorView ORCID ID profile
BMC Medicine201614:210
DOI: 10.1186/s12916-016-0742-z
© The Author(s). 2016
Received: 16 August 2016
Accepted: 9 November 2016
Published: 8 December 2016
Abstract
Background
Although studies have examined
the association between dietary magnesium intake and health outcome,
the results are inconclusive. Here, we conducted a dose–response
meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies in order to investigate the
correlation between magnesium intake and the risk of cardiovascular
disease (CVD), type 2 diabetes (T2D), and all-cause mortality.
Methods
PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of
Science were searched for articles that contained risk estimates for the
outcomes of interest and were published through May 31, 2016. The
pooled results were analyzed using a random-effects model.
Results
Forty prospective cohort
studies totaling more than 1 million participants were included in the
analysis. During the follow-up periods (ranging from 4 to 30 years),
7678 cases of CVD, 6845 cases of coronary heart disease (CHD), 701 cases
of heart failure, 14,755 cases of stroke, 26,299 cases of T2D, and
10,983 deaths were reported. No significant association was observed
between increasing dietary magnesium intake (per 100 mg/day increment)
and the risk of total CVD (RR: 0.99; 95% CI, 0.88–1.10) or CHD (RR:
0.92; 95% CI, 0.85–1.01). However, the same incremental increase in
magnesium intake was associated with a 22% reduction in the risk of
heart failure (RR: 0.78; 95% CI, 0.69–0.89) and a 7% reduction in the
risk of stroke (RR: 0.93; 95% CI, 0.89–0.97). Moreover, the summary
relative risks of T2D and mortality per 100 mg/day increment in
magnesium intake were 0.81 (95% CI, 0.77–0.86) and 0.90 (95% CI,
0.81–0.99), respectively.
Conclusions
Increasing dietary magnesium
intake is associated with a reduced risk of stroke, heart failure,
diabetes, and all-cause mortality, but not CHD or total CVD. These
findings support the notion that increasing dietary magnesium might
provide health benefits.
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