Well you'll get better but your doctor and therapists HAVE NO SPECIFIC IDEA on the rehab you need to do. They are using spontaneous recovery to bamboozle you into thinking they know what they are doing for your recovery when they actually know nothing concrete that is repeatable. Survivors can easily become functionally independent when they are given EXACT 100% RECOVERY PROTOCOLS!
Should Patients Be Confident in Their Efficacy in Improving Their Functional Abilities After a Stroke?
Published: December 26, 2023
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.51105
Peer-Reviewed
Abstract
Background
Patients’ self-confidence in their abilities needs to be improved to achieve functional abilities after a stroke. Self-efficacy is a prerequisite for self-management after a stroke. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between self-efficacy and the functional abilities of post-stroke patients.
Methodology
This was an analytical cross-sectional study conducted over two months. A total of 145 respondents were recruited using the convenience sampling method. Respondents were post-stroke patients who had undergone the post-stroke phase during the first three to six months since the acute stroke. Data collection was performed through questionnaire interviews. Data were analyzed using descriptive analysis and Spearman correlation.
Results
There was a significant positive relationship between self-efficacy and functional independence (p < 0.05).
Conclusions
Self-efficacy influences motivation to perform activities of daily living, which can increase the achievement of functional abilities.
Introduction
Achieving independent functional abilities after stroke is important in the care of post-stroke patients. Achieving functional independence can be seen in the patient’s ability to perform daily activities. Basic activities of daily living (ADLs) function as an important prognostic factor of functional independence during early post-stroke recovery [1]. The inability of post-stroke patients to perform physical activities can result in death. The death of post-stroke patients is closely related to physical dependence, lack of activity, worsening of the disease, and disturbances in body balance [2]. The results of a meta-analysis showed that post-stroke patients who performed physical activity have a 27% lower risk of recurrent stroke and death compared to individuals who were not active [3]. Physical activity can improve cardiovascular capacity, mobility, balance, walking ability, muscle strength, and overall quality of life, thereby reducing disability and the risk of recurrent stroke [4].
Longitudinal studies showed that most functional recovery occurs within the first month after stroke, but recovery declines between three and six months post-stroke [5,6]. Another study reported that post-stroke patients who were independent in the first three months could become dependent within one year if they did not do physical activity with a decline rate of 3% per year [7]. Therefore, it is necessary to achieve functional independence. Efforts to achieve functional independence are part of self-management. Post-stroke patients require ongoing self-management to restore lost functional abilities. Applying self-management principles in inpatient rehabilitation can support the development of internally motivated thought patterns and behavior to increase patient engagement [8]. Previous research has found that involving patients in their care is significantly related to achieving functional independence [9]. However, to improve the self-management abilities of post-stroke patients, self-efficacy is needed. Self-efficacy is a prerequisite for the success of effective self-management [10].
Self-efficacy relates to “belief in one’s ability to organize and carry out the actions necessary to produce certain achievements” [1]. Studies on chemotherapy patients found that better self-efficacy was associated with better quality of life and lower fatigue [11]. Confidence in one’s ability to manage oneself well is an important aspect of ongoing care [12]. Individuals with high self-efficacy after a stroke usually have greater confidence to participate in ADLs, a higher ability to overcome obstacles in their recovery, and usually have better psychosocial functioning and well-being compared to those with low self-efficacy [1]. Self-efficacy increases cancer patients’ confidence in performing self-care behavior during chemotherapy [11]. For this reason, this study aims to analyze the relationship between self-efficacy and patients’ functional abilities in the first three to six months after a stroke.
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