Deans' stroke musings: Immunocytes Rapid Responses Post-ischemic Stroke in Peripheral Blood in Patients With Different Ages

Changing stroke rehab and research worldwide now.Time is Brain! trillions and trillions of neurons that DIE each day because there are NO effective hyperacute therapies besides tPA(only 12% effective). I have 523 posts on hyperacute therapy, enough for researchers to spend decades proving them out. These are my personal ideas and blog on stroke rehabilitation and stroke research. Do not attempt any of these without checking with your medical provider. Unless you join me in agitating, when you need these therapies they won't be there.

What this blog is for:

My blog is not to help survivors recover, it is to have the 10 million yearly stroke survivors light fires underneath their doctors, stroke hospitals and stroke researchers to get stroke solved. 100% recovery. The stroke medical world is completely failing at that goal, they don't even have it as a goal. Shortly after getting out of the hospital and getting NO information on the process or protocols of stroke rehabilitation and recovery I started searching on the internet and found that no other survivor received useful information. This is an attempt to cover all stroke rehabilitation information that should be readily available to survivors so they can talk with informed knowledge to their medical staff. It lays out what needs to be done to get stroke survivors closer to 100% recovery. It's quite disgusting that this information is not available from every stroke association and doctors group.

Wednesday, May 18, 2022

Immunocytes Rapid Responses Post-ischemic Stroke in Peripheral Blood in Patients With Different Ages

WHOM is going to do all the followup research needed to make this usable? With NO strategy to update and NO leadership to see research thru to the end, NOTHING WILL OCCUR.

Immunocytes Rapid Responses Post-ischemic Stroke in Peripheral Blood in Patients With Different Ages

Haiyue Zhang¹,

Jingwei Guan¹,

Hangil Lee²,

Chuanjie Wu¹,

Kai Dong¹,

Zongjian Liu³,

Lili Cui¹,

Haiqing Song¹,

Yuchuan Ding² and

Ran Meng^1,4^*

¹Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
²Department of Neurosurgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, United States
³Department of Rehabilitation, Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
⁴Advanced Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China

Objectives: To explore the alterations in immune cell composition in peripheral blood in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) based on their age group.

Methods: Patients with imaging confirmed AIS were enrolled from April 2019 to January 2020 and were divided into three groups according to their ages: <55 years (group-A), 55–65 years (group-B), and >65 years (group-C). Blood samples were collected immediately when the patients were admitted to our ward prior to any intervention. Flow cytometry was used to analyze immune cell composition in peripheral blood.

Results: A total of 41 eligible patients were included for final analysis. Among the three groups, the proportions of CD56⁺ CD16dim NK cells were least to greatest in group-B, group-A, then group-C, respectively. With increasing age, there was a decrease in the proportion of CD3⁺ T-cells (group-A vs. group-C, P = 0.016) and CD3+CD4+ T-cells (group-C vs. group-A, P = 0.008; group-C vs. group-B P = 0.026). Meanwhile, no significant differences in proportions of monocytes and B cells were observed.

Conclusions: The compositions of immune cells in peripheral blood of AIS patients were distinct when divided by age groups. Differences in immune cell ratios may affect clinical outcomes and foreshadows possible need for customized treatment of AIS in different age groups.

Introduction

Ischemic stroke is a general term for necrosis of brain tissue caused by stenosis, occlusion, or insufficiency of arteries that supply blood to the brain (e.g., carotid and vertebral arteries). It accounts for approximately 87% of all strokes. Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is a life-threatening disease with high morbidity and mortality worldwide (1–3). The pathophysiology of AIS involves immune cell activation, inflammation, and programmed cell death; of these, immune responses play a pivotal role given their contribution to both tissue damage and repair (1, 4, 5). More specifically, during the acute stage, ischemia-induced immune response damages the brain; in the sub-acute stage, Treg cells and macrophages protect and repair the brain (6–9).

Aging is an important factor that affects immune response, thereby influencing clinical outcomes (10, 11). Although the elderly are among the most vulnerable to AIS, the influence of aging and consequent changes to immune response in AIS has not been studied well. Theoretically, as people grow older, ischemia-induced immune response may be modified and weakened, which may result in poorer outcomes. To elucidate the impact of aging on immune response to AIS, we analyzed the alterations in immune cell composition in peripheral blood of AIS patients based on their age groups. The results of this study may become references for predicting outcomes and designing customized treatment.