http://informahealthcare.com/doi/abs/10.3109/09638288.2011.626486
Purpose: The aim of this study was to
perform a systematic review of the literature on whole body vibration
programs in older population and a meta-analysis of randomized
controlled clinical trials. Method: A search was conducted in
MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL, CINAHL and PsychINFO databases. We included
randomized controlled trials evaluating the efficacy and safety of whole
body vibration training in older populations compared to conventional
exercise or control groups that assessed balance, muscle strength,
falls, bone mineral density and adverse events. Results: Sixteen
trials met the inclusion criteria. Comparing the vibration and the
control group, we found that vibration significantly improved knee
muscle isometric strength (18.30 Nm, 95% CI 7.95–28.65), muscle power
(10.44 W, 95% CI 2.85–18.03) and balance control (Tinetti test: 4.5
points, 95% CI 0.95–8.11). Comparison with a conventional exercise
showed that the only significant difference was bone mineral density in
the femoral neck (0.04 g/cm–2, 95% CI 0.02–0.07). There were no serious
complications in most of studies. Conclusion: Whole body
vibration training may improve strength, power and balance in comparison
with a control group, although these effects are not apparent when
compared with a group that does conventional exercise.
Implications for Rehabilitation
- Physical exercise is effective for improving balancing and walking, muscle strength in the legs, and cardiovascular resistance, and decreasing the risk of falling in older persons.
- Whole body vibration training can decrease the risk of falling related to muscle weakness or balance disorders in older people when compared with a control group, although these effects are not apparent when compared with a conventional exercise.
- Evidence is not conclusive to assess the effect of whole body vibration training on the incidence of falls.
- Safety concerns related to whole body vibration have not been identified.
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