http://stroke.ahajournals.org/content/early/2015/05/07/STROKEAHA.115.009421.abstract
Follow-Up of the Collaborative Evaluation of Rehabilitation in Stroke Across Europe
- Sarah Meyer, MSc,
- Geert Verheyden, PhD,
- Nadine Brinkmann, BSc,
- Eddy Dejaeger, PhD,
- Willy De Weerdt, PhD,
- Hilde Feys, PhD,
- Andreas R Gantenbein, MD,
- Walter Jenni, MD,
- Annouschka Laenen, PhD,
- Nadina Lincoln, PhD,
- Koen Putman, PhD,
- Birgit Schuback, MSc,
- Wilfried Schupp, MD,
- Vincent Thijs, PhD and
- Liesbet De Wit, PhD
+ Author Affiliations
- Correspondence to Sarah Meyer, MSc, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, Tervuursevest 101, bus 1501, 3001 Leuven, Belgium. E-mail sarah.meyer@faber.kuleuven.be
Abstract
Background and Purpose—Recovery
of patients within the first 6 months after stroke is well documented,
but there has been little research on long-term
recovery. The aim of this study was to
analyze functional and motor recovery between admission to
rehabilitation centres and
5 years after stroke.
Methods—This
follow-up of the Collaborative Evaluation of Rehabilitation in Stroke
Across Europe study, included patients from 4 European
rehabilitation centres. Patients were
assessed on admission, at 2 and 6 months, and 5 years after stroke,
using the Barthel
Index, Rivermead Motor Assessment Gross
Function, Leg and Trunk function, and Arm function. Linear mixed models
were used,
corrected for baseline characteristics. To
account for the drop-out during follow-up, the analysis is
likelihood-based (assumption
of missingness at random).
Results—A total of
532 patients were included in this study, of which 238 were followed up
at 5 years post stroke. Mean age at stroke
onset was 69 (±10 SD) years, 53% were men,
84% had ischemic strokes, and 53% had left-sided motor impairment.
Linear mixed
model analysis revealed a significant
deterioration for all 4 outcomes between 6 months and 5 years (P<0.0001). Scores at 2 months were not statistically significant different from scores at 5 years after stroke. Higher age
(P<0.0001) and increasing stroke severity on admission (P<0.0001) negatively affected long-term functional and motor recovery.
Conclusions—Five-year
follow-up revealed deterioration in functional and motor outcome, with a
return to the level measured at 2 months.
Increasing age and increasing stroke severity
negatively affected recovery up to 5 years after stroke.
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