http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22850317
Abstract
Low-carbohydrate
diets have become increasingly popular for weight loss. Although they
may improve some metabolic markers, particularly in type 2 diabetes
mellitus (T2D) or the metabolic syndrome (MS), their net effect on
arterial wall function remains unclear. The objective was to evaluate
the relation between dietary macronutrient composition and the small
artery reactive hyperaemia index (saRHI), a marker of small artery
endothelial function, in a cohort of patients at increased
cardiovascular (CV) risk. The present cross-sectional study included 247
patients. Diet was evaluated by a 3-d food-intake register and reduced
to a novel low-carbohydrate diet score (LCDS). Physical examination,
demographic, biochemical and anthropometry parameters were recorded, and
the saRHI was measured in each patient. Individuals in the lowest LCDS
quartile (Q1, 45 % carbohydrate; 20 % protein; 32 % fat) had higher
saRHI values than those in the top quartile (Q4, 29 % carbohydrate, 24 %
protein, 40 % fat; 1.66 (sd 0.41) v. 1.52 (sd 0.22), P= 0.037). These
results were particularly strong in patients with the MS (Q1 = 1.82 (sd
0.32) v. Q4 = 1.61 (sd 027); P= 0.021) and T2D (Q1 = 1.78 (sd 0.31) v.
Q4 = 1.62 (sd 0.35); P= 0.011). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that
individuals in the highest LCDS quartile had a significantly negative
coefficient of saRHI, which was independent of confounders (OR -0.85; 95
% CI 0.19, 0.92; P= 0.031). These findings suggest that a dietary
pattern characterised by a low amount of carbohydrate, but high amounts
of protein and fat, is associated with a poorer small artery vascular
reactivity in patients with increased CV risk.
No comments:
Post a Comment