Assessments that don't lead to EXACT RECOVERY PROTOCOLS are COMPLETELY FUCKING USELESS!
Action research arm test as a tool for assessment of motor recovery in patients with stroke: a critical review
Sukanya Parag Dandekar*, Suvarna Ganvir
INTRODUCTION
Action Research Arm Test is considered by many in the
field of stroke rehabilitation to be one of the most
comprehensive quantitative measures of motor impairment
following stroke, and its use has been recommended for
clinical trials of stroke rehabilitation.
One of the common deficits after stroke is upper and lower
extremity motor impairment. The upper extremity is used
principally for reaching, grasping and manipulation,
sometimes for lifting the body mass, during periods of
postural instability for preserving balance. Effective
functional use of upper limb is absolutely dependent on
functional grasp and release. Thus, the proper evaluation
upper extremity after stroke is important.
ARAT has also been used for evaluating upper extremity
impairment in Parkinson’s disease, multiple sclerosis.
The most effective use of ARAT is seen in stroke.
1,2
In
this article, we review the development of this scale and
its measurement properties, reliability, validity, and
responsiveness. Limitations of the scale are discussed,
and recommendations for future use are presented.
DESCRIPTION OF THE SCALE
The test consists of 19 items grouped I subtests (grasp,
grip, pinch, and gross arm movement) and performance
of each item is rated on a 4-point scale ranging from 0
(no movement possible) to 3 (movement performed
normally). If subjects score the maximum on the first,
most difficult item of each subtest, they are credited with
Department of Neurosciences, D. V. V. P. F’s College of Physiotherapy, Ahmednagar, Mahrashtra, India
Received: 14 June 2019
Revised: 28 June 2019
Accepted: 12 July 2019
*Correspondence:
Dr. Sukanya Parag Dandekar,
E-mail: sukanya.dandekar@gmail.com
Copyright: © the author(s), publisher and licensee Medip Academy. This is an open-access article distributed under
the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License, which permits unrestricted non-commercial
use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
ABSTRACT
Action research arm test has been used widely clinically for the assessment of upper extremity function post stroke
and in various other conditions. Measurement of recovery after stroke is becoming increasingly important(Then you don't know one fucking thing about getting survivors recovered! Measurements don't deliver recovery you blithering idiots!) with the
advent of new treatment options under investigation in stroke rehabilitation research. The Action Research Arm Test
scale was developed as the first quantitative evaluative instrument for measuring motor stroke recovery, based on a
upper extremity test by Lyle. It is a well-designed, feasible and efficient clinical examination method that has been
tested widely in the stroke population. Excellent interrater and intrarater reliability and construct validity have been
demonstrated. Limitations of the motor domain include a ceiling effect. Further study should test performance of this
scale in specific subgroups of stroke patients and better define its criterion validity, sensitivity to change, and minimal
clinically important difference. Based on the available evidence, the Action Research Arm Test is recommended
highly as a clinical and research tool for evaluating changes in motor impairment following stroke.
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