Capacity to increase walking speed is limited by impaired hip and ankle power generation in lower functioning persons post-stroke

So fucking what? You describe a problem but offer NO SOLUTION,  so useless. 

Capacity to increase walking speed is limited by impaired hip and ankle power generation in lower functioning persons post-stroke

. Jonkers
a,b,
*, S. Delp
b
, C. Patten
c,d
a
Faculty of Kinesiology and Rehabilitation Sciences, K.U. Leuven, Belgium
b
Departments of Mechanical Engineering and Bioengineering, Stanford University, USA
c
Brain Rehabilitation Research Center, Malcom Randall VA Medical Center, USA
d
Departments of Physical Therapy, Applied Physiology & Kinesiology, and Neurology, University of Florida, USA

 ABSTRACT

It is well known that stroke patients walk with reduced speed, but their potential to increase walking speed can also be impaired and has not been thoroughly investigated. We hypothesized that failure to effectively recruit both hip flexor and ankle plantar flexor muscles of the paretic side limits the potential to increase walking speed in lower functioning hemiparetic subjects. To test this hypothesis, we measured gait kinematics and kinetics of 12 persons with hemiparesis following stroke at self-selected and fast walking conditions. Two groups were identified: (1) lower functioning subjects (n =6) who increased normalized walking speed from 0.52 leg lengths/s (ll/s, SEM: 0.04) to 0.72 ll/s (SEM: 0.03) and(2) higher functioning subjects (n=6) who increased walking speed from 0.88 ll/s (SEM: 0.04) to 1.4 ll/s(SEM 0.03). Changes in spatiotemporal parameters, joint kinematics and kinetics between self-selected and fast walking were compared to control subjects examined at matched walking speeds(0.35 ll/s(SEM:0.03), 0.63 ll/s (SEM: 0.03), 0.92 ll/s (SEM: 0.04) and 1.4 ll/s (SEM: 0.04)). Similar to speed-matched controls, the higher functioning hemiparetic subjects increased paretic limb hip flexion power and ankle plantarflexion power to increase walking speed. The lower functioning hemiparetic subjects did not increase power generation at the hip or ankle to increase walking speed. This observation suggests that impaired ankle power generation combined with saturation of hip power generation limits the potential to increase walking speed in lower functioning hemiparetic subjects.

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 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.