Changing stroke rehab and research worldwide now.Time is Brain! trillions and trillions of neurons that DIE each day because there are NO effective hyperacute therapies besides tPA(only 12% effective). I have 523 posts on hyperacute therapy, enough for researchers to spend decades proving them out. These are my personal ideas and blog on stroke rehabilitation and stroke research. Do not attempt any of these without checking with your medical provider. Unless you join me in agitating, when you need these therapies they won't be there.

What this blog is for:

My blog is not to help survivors recover, it is to have the 10 million yearly stroke survivors light fires underneath their doctors, stroke hospitals and stroke researchers to get stroke solved. 100% recovery. The stroke medical world is completely failing at that goal, they don't even have it as a goal. Shortly after getting out of the hospital and getting NO information on the process or protocols of stroke rehabilitation and recovery I started searching on the internet and found that no other survivor received useful information. This is an attempt to cover all stroke rehabilitation information that should be readily available to survivors so they can talk with informed knowledge to their medical staff. It lays out what needs to be done to get stroke survivors closer to 100% recovery. It's quite disgusting that this information is not available from every stroke association and doctors group.

Wednesday, September 30, 2020

Robotics in shoulder rehabilitation

 Ask your doctor what is the present status of robotic technologies? No knowledge, have everyone in that stroke hospital fired.

Robotics in shoulder rehabilitation

Giovanni Merolla
2014, Muscles, Ligaments and Tendons Journal
D. Cervesi Hospital, Cattolica, Italy
Corresponding author:
Giovanni Merolla
Unit of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery
Biomechanics Laboratory “Marco Simoncelli”
D. Cervesi Hospital, AUSL della Romagna Ambito
Territoriale di Rimini
L.V. Beethoven, 5
47841 Cattolica (RN), Italy
phone: +39 0541 966382
fax: +39 0541 966312
E-mail: giovannimerolla@hotmail.com;
giovanni.merolla@auslrn.net

Summary

In the last few decades, several researches have been conducted in the field of robotic rehabilitation to meet the intensive, repetitive and task-oriented training, with the goal to recover the motor function. Up to now, robotic rehabilitation studies of the upper extremity have generally focused on stroke survivors leaving less explored the field of orthopaedic shoulder rehabilitation. In this review we analyse the present status of robotic technologies, in order to understand which are the current indications and which may be the future perspective for their application in both neurological and orthopaedic shoulder rehabilitation.

Introduction

The aim of conventional rehabilitation is to recover the motor function using therapeutic exercises guided by a therapist who moves the patient’s body. An early and repetitive rehabilitation can substantially improve the long-term mobility of the shoulder in both neurological and orthopaedic patients1,2; furthermore, longer and more frequent training sessions have been shown to
have beneficial effect in the short term3-5. Traditional rehabilitation techniques rely on well-established standard exercises, carried out by a therapist during in-patient hospital care and continued at home. As the rehabilitation sessions require involvement of a therapist for each patient this entails human and financial resources. In the last decades, in order to meet the intensive, repetitive and task-oriented rehabilitation, numerous and extensive research programs have been conducted in the field of robotic rehabilitation1-4. These systems can provide external assistive support to the human body, helping patients to experience pre-programmed limb movements and to improve related sensory-motor functions through repetitive practices. This may allow the patient to extend their training sessions providing an objective measure of the repeatability that it is hard to achieve with conventional physiotherapy. Up to date, robotic rehabilitation of the upper extremity have focused on stroke survivors studies1,2,5 without significant applications in orthopaedics. Motor disorders of the upper extremities, following orthopaedic or neurological injuries, include joint and muscular stiffness, muscle weakness, spasms, disturbed muscle timing and reduced ability to selectively activate muscles with abnormal synergistic movement patterns of arm and shoulder girdle. In the rehabilitation field, disabilities, residual motor function and efficacy of treatment cannot be quantified reliably as semi-quantitative evaluation scales are the only established methods to assess motor functions and its changes. Robots could allow quantitative measures of physical properties in a wide range of variation with
levels of speed, accuracy, power and endurance over time that are unachievable by humans. Anyway, robots lack flexibility and adaptability, code-independent communication, high level information processing, detection and responsiveness to weak and otherwise undetected significant sensory inputs that characterize humans6-9. In the current study we describe the modern robotic systems for shoulder rehabilitation, focusing on the indications and other potential technologies that combined with robots can increase the benefits of rehabilitation to restore shoulder function.

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