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Cannabis Effects on PTSD: Can Smoking Medical Marijuana Reduce Symptoms
http://www.biosciencetechnology.com/news/2014/07/how-depression-related-dementia?
A new study gives insight into
the relationship between depression and dementia. The study is published
in the July 30, 2014, online issue of Neurology, the medical journal of the American Academy of Neurology.
“Studies have shown that people with symptoms of depression are more
likely to develop dementia, but we haven’t known how the relationship
works,” said study author Robert S. Wilson, PhD, with Rush University
Medical Center in Chicago. “Is the depression a consequence of the
dementia? Do both problems develop from the same underlying problems in
the brain? Or does the relationship of depression with dementia have
nothing to do with dementia-related pathology?”
The current study indicates that the association of depression with
dementia is independent of dementia-related brain changes. “These
findings are exciting because they suggest depression truly is a risk
factor for dementia, and if we can target and prevent or treat
depression and causes of stress we may have the potential to help people
maintain their thinking and memory abilities into old age,” Wilson
said.
The study involved 1,764 people from the Religious Orders Study and
the Rush Memory and Aging Project with an average age of 77 who had no
thinking or memory problems at the start of the study. Participants were
screened every year for symptoms of depression, such as loneliness and
lack of appetite, and took tests on their thinking and memory skills for
an average of eight years. A total of 680 people died during the study,
and autopsies were performed on 582 of them to look for the plaques and
tangles in the brain that are the signs of dementia and other signs of
damage in the brain.
During the study, 922 people, or 52 percent of the participants,
developed mild cognitive impairment (MCI), or mild problems with memory
and thinking abilities that is often a precursor to Alzheimer’s disease.
A total of 315 people, or 18 percent, developed dementia.
The researchers found no relationship between how much damage was
found in the brain and the level of depression symptoms people had or in
the change in depression symptoms over time.
People who developed mild cognitive impairment were more likely to
have a higher level of symptoms of depression before they were
diagnosed, but they were no more likely to have any change in symptoms
of depression after the diagnosis than people without MCI. People with
dementia were also more likely to have a higher level of depression
symptoms before the dementia started, but they had a more rapid decrease
in depression symptoms after dementia developed.
Having a higher level of depression symptoms was associated with more
rapid decline in thinking and memory skills, accounting for 4.4 percent
of the difference in decline that could not be attributed to the level
of damage in the brain.
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