The ONLY SOLUTION to keeping your well-being intact is for your doctor to have EXACT 100% RECOVERY PROTOCOLS! Oh, your doctor doesn't have that? Well then, you don't have a functioning stroke doctor, do you?
My purpose in life is to prove that stroke is solvable with just a bit of strategy and appropriate research. Is your doctor that obtuse that they can't see that?
Why isn't your doctor solving stroke?
Laziness? Incompetence? Or just don't care? NO leadership? NO strategy? Not my job? Not my Problem?
Your chances of getting dementia. YOUR DOCTOR IS RESPONSIBLE FOR PREVENTING THIS!
1. A documented 33% dementia chance post-stroke from an Australian study? May 2012.
2. Then this study came out and seems to have a range from 17-66%. December 2013.`
3. A 20% chance in this research. July 2013.
4. Dementia Risk Doubled in Patients Following Stroke September 2018
Well-Being Declines Before Mild Cognitive Impairment
Two components hit hardest: purpose in life and personal growth
Key Takeaways
- Psychological well-being diminished before mild cognitive impairment was diagnosed.
- Two components had faster downturns: purpose in life and personal growth.
- After diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment, positive relationships with others declined faster than before.
Psychological well-being waned in the years before mild cognitive impairment, a study of older adults in the Chicago area showed.
Among 910 cognitively normal older adults who were followed for up to 14 years, those who developed incident mild cognitive impairment had a faster decline in well-being than others (β = -0.015), according to Jie Guo, PhD, of the Aging Research Center at the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm, and co-authors.
Compared with older adults who remained cognitively intact, those who developed mild cognitive impairment had faster downturns in two well-being components -- purpose in life (β = -0.126) and personal growth (β = -0.139) -- the researchers reported in the Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatryopens in a new tab or window.
A decline in purpose started 3 years before diagnosis; lower personal growth started 6 years before. Positive relations with others decreased faster after mild cognitive impairment diagnosis than before (β = -0.042).
Well-being has been linked with cognitive decline and dementiaopens in a new tab or window, but the trajectories of psychological well-being and its components along the dementia course aren't clear, Guo noted. Some studies have suggested the relationship between well-being and cognitive decline may be bi-directional.
"Understanding how psychological well-being changes throughout the progression of dementing disorders could better inform its potential role as a predictor of dementia risk and provide relevant information for healthcare planning after diagnosis," Guo noted in an email to MedPage Today.
For people with mild cognitive impairment in this study, well-being declined in similar patterns regardless of whether they eventually developed dementia or not, she pointed out.
Reduced psychological well-being may be a predictor for impaired cognitive function, Guo suggested. "Post-diagnostic psychological support should be planned for people diagnosed with dementing disorders," she wrote.
Guo and colleagues explored changes in psychological well-being before and after diagnoses of mild cognitive impairment and dementia in 910 cognitively intact older adults in the long-running Rush Memory and Aging Projectopens in a new tab or window cohort in Chicago. Participants had annual follow-up assessments that included neurological examination, cognitive tests, medical history, and psychological well-being assessments. The researchers adjusted findings for age, vascular disease and vascular risk factors, lifestyle, social activities, and loneliness.
Well-being was measured with Ryff Scales of Psychological Well-Beingopens in a new tab or window, which assessed self-acceptance, autonomy, environmental mastery, purpose in life, positive relations with others, and personal growth.
Baseline mean age was 79.9 and 76.9% of participants were female. Median follow-up duration was 6 years. During the follow-up period, 265 people developed mild cognitive impairment and 89 developed dementia.
Compared with those who remained cognitively intact, participants who developed mild cognitive impairment were older, weighed less, and had lower levels of psychological well-being. Those who developed dementia were older, more likely to carry an APOE4 allele, and had a lower level of well-being than those who did not have dementia.
Why certain well-being components were linked with mild cognitive impairment in this study and others wasn't clear, the researchers noted. "Our findings indicate that personal growth and purpose in life may be more cognitively demanding than other components of well-being, and therefore may serve as more sensitive indicators of cognitive aging," they wrote.
"Moreover, we found that positive relations with others declined rapidly after mild cognitive impairment diagnosis," they added. "People with impaired cognitive function may be less likely to engage in social and leisure activities than they were previously, which can cause further deterioration in their relationships with friends or others."
The Ryff scales assess each well-being component with only three items, which may introduce measurement error, Guo and colleagues noted. The study population consisted of volunteers who had a high level of education; most were white and female, and results may not apply to others. While effect sizes were significant, many were not substantial, possibly due to the inclusion of healthy volunteers.
Disclosures
Researchers disclosed support from the NIH, the Swedish Research Council for Health Working Life and Welfare, the Karolinska Institutet Research Foundation, and the Lindhés Advokatbyrå AB.
Guo and co-authors reported no conflicts of interest.
Primary Source
Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry
Source Reference: opens in a new tab or windowGuo J, et al "Psychological well-being trajectories preceding incident mild cognitive impairment and dementia" J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2024; DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2024-333837
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