http://stroke.ahajournals.org/content/38/10/2733.short
Abstract
Background and Purpose—
Inflammation contributes to brain damage caused by ischemic stroke.
Ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide (USPIO)-enhanced
MRI allows noninvasive monitoring of macrophage
recruitment into ischemic brain lesions. In this study, we determined
the
extent of USPIO enhancement during early stages
of ischemic stroke.
Methods—
Twelve consecutive patients with typical clinical signs of stroke
underwent multimodal stroke imaging at 1.5-T within 24
hours of symptom onset. They received
intravenous USPIO (ferumoxtran) infusion at 26 to 96 hours (mean, 44
hours) after stroke.
A total of four follow-up MRI scans were
performed 24 to 36 hours, 48 to 72 hours, 7 to 8 days, and 10 to 11 days
after USPIO
infusion.
Results— Nine
patients were included in the final analysis. Parenchymal USPIO
enhancement occurred in 3 of 9 analyzed patients and
was mainly evident on T1-weighted spin-echo
images. USPIO-dependent signal changes were spatially heterogeneous,
reflecting
the distinct patterns of hematogenous macrophage
infiltration in different lesion types.
Conclusions—
Our findings suggest a variable extent and distribution of macrophage
infiltration into early ischemic stroke lesions. USPIO-enhanced
MRI may help to more specifically target
antiinflammatory therapy in patients with stroke.
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