http://cre.sagepub.com/content/17/1/21.short
Abstract
Objectives: To determine whether
plant-derived cannabis medicinal extracts (CME) can alleviate neurogenic
symptoms unresponsive to standard
treatment, and to quantify adverse effects.
Design: A consecutive series of double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled single-patient cross-over trials with two-week treatment
periods.
Setting: Patients attended as outpatients, but took the CME at home.
Subjects: Twenty-four patients with multiple sclerosis (18), spinal cord injury (4), brachial plexus damage (1), and limb amputation
due to neurofibromatosis (1).
Intervention: Whole-plant extracts
of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), cannabidiol (CBD), 1:1 CBD:THC,
or matched placebo were self-administered
by sublingual spray at doses determined by
titration against symptom relief or unwanted effects within the range of
2.5–120
mg/24 hours.
Measures used: Patients recorded
symptom, well-being and intoxication scores on a daily basis using
visual analogue scales. At the end
of each two-week period an observer rated severity
and frequency of symptoms on numerical rating scales, administered
standard
measures of disability (Barthel Index), mood and
cognition, and recorded adverse events.
Results: Pain relief associated
with both THC and CBD was significantly superior to placebo. Impaired
bladder control, muscle spasms
and spasticity were improved by CME in some
patients with these symptoms. Three patients had transient hypotension
and intoxication
with rapid initial dosing of THC-containing CME.
Conclusions: Cannabis medicinal
extracts can improve neurogenic symptoms unresponsive to standard
treatments. Unwanted effects are predictable
and generally well tolerated. Larger scale studies
are warranted to confirm these findings.
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