http://nro.sagepub.com/content/20/1/15.abstract?etoc
- S. Thomas Carmichael, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 710 Westwood Pl, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA. Email: scarmichael@mednet.ucla.edu
Abstract
Changes in brain circuits occur within
specific paradigms of action in the adult brain. These paradigms include
changes in
behavioral activity patterns, alterations in
environmental experience, and direct brain injury. Each of these
paradigms can
produce axonal sprouting, dendritic morphology
changes, and alterations in synaptic connectivity. Activity-,
experience-,
and injury-dependent plasticity alter neuronal
network function and behavioral output, and in the case of brain injury,
may
produce neurological recovery. The molecular
substrate for adult neuronal plasticity overlaps in these three
paradigms in
key signaling pathways. These common pathways for
adult plasticity suggest common mechanisms for activity-, experience-,
and
injury-dependent plasticity. These common pathways
may also interact to enhance or impede each other during adult recovery
of function after injury. This review focuses on
common molecular changes evoked during the process of adult neuronal
plasticity,
with a focus on neural repair in stroke.
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