http://heart.bmj.com/content/early/2017/05/01/heartjnl-2016-310357
Cardiac risk factors and prevention
Original article
Chocolate intake and risk of clinically apparent atrial fibrillation: the Danish Diet, Cancer, and Health Study
Abstract
Objective To evaluate the association between chocolate intake and incident clinically apparent atrial fibrillation or flutter (AF).
Methods
The Danish Diet, Cancer, and Health Study is a large population-based
prospective cohort study. The present study is based on 55 502
participants (26 400 men and 29 102 women) aged 50–64 years who had
provided information on chocolate intake at baseline. Incident cases of
AF were ascertained by linkage with nationwide registries.
Results
During a median of 13.5 years there were 3346 cases of AF. Compared
with chocolate intake less than once per month, the rate of AF was lower
for people consuming 1–3 servings/month (hazard ratio (HR) 0.90, 95%
confidence interval (CI) 0.82 to 0.98), 1 serving/week (HR 0.83, 95% CI
0.74 to 0.92), 2–6 servings/week (HR 0.80, 95% CI 0.71 to 0.91) and ≥1
servings/day (HR 0.84, 95% CI 0.65 to 1.09; p-linear trend <0.0001),
with similar results for men and women.
Conclusions
Accumulating evidence indicates that moderate chocolate intake may be
inversely associated with AF risk, although residual confounding cannot
be ruled out.
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