Deans' stroke musings: Exploring the Potential of Non-Viral Nanocarriers for Improving Blood-Brain Barrier Permeability to Enhance the Treatment of Brain Diseases

Changing stroke rehab and research worldwide now.Time is Brain! trillions and trillions of neurons that DIE each day because there are NO effective hyperacute therapies besides tPA(only 12% effective). I have 523 posts on hyperacute therapy, enough for researchers to spend decades proving them out. These are my personal ideas and blog on stroke rehabilitation and stroke research. Do not attempt any of these without checking with your medical provider. Unless you join me in agitating, when you need these therapies they won't be there.

What this blog is for:

My blog is not to help survivors recover, it is to have the 10 million yearly stroke survivors light fires underneath their doctors, stroke hospitals and stroke researchers to get stroke solved. 100% recovery. The stroke medical world is completely failing at that goal, they don't even have it as a goal. Shortly after getting out of the hospital and getting NO information on the process or protocols of stroke rehabilitation and recovery I started searching on the internet and found that no other survivor received useful information. This is an attempt to cover all stroke rehabilitation information that should be readily available to survivors so they can talk with informed knowledge to their medical staff. It lays out what needs to be done to get stroke survivors closer to 100% recovery. It's quite disgusting that this information is not available from every stroke association and doctors group.

Friday, October 17, 2025

Exploring the Potential of Non-Viral Nanocarriers for Improving Blood-Brain Barrier Permeability to Enhance the Treatment of Brain Diseases

When we finally figure out the signals that create neuroplasticity we can send these nanocarriers there with the correct instructions

Exploring the Potential of Non-Viral Nanocarriers for Improving Blood-Brain Barrier Permeability to Enhance the Treatment of Brain Diseases

Authors Yu Z , Sun Z, Yuan L, Wang C, Li W, Liu J, Zhao Q, Sun Y , Sun C

Received 9 June 2025

Accepted for publication 30 September 2025

Published 15 October 2025 Volume 2025:20 Pages 12593—12625

DOI https://doi.org/10.2147/IJN.S545696

Checked for plagiarism Yes

Review by Single anonymous peer review

Peer reviewer comments 2

Editor who approved publication: Dr Kamakhya Misra

Zijie Yu,^1,^* Zhihong Sun,^1,^2,^* Lu Yuan,¹ Cuicui Wang,¹ Wei Li,² Jie Liu,² Qi Zhao,² Yong Sun,¹ Chengming Sun^1,²

¹Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, People’s Republic of China; ²The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, People’s Republic of China

*These authors contributed equally to this work

Correspondence: Yong Sun, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, People’s Republic of China, Email sunyong@qdu.edu.cn Chengming Sun, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, People’s Republic of China, Email chengmingsun012@163.com

Abstract:

Brain diseases have become an important health problem worldwide, especially in the aging population, and their incidence and prevalence continue to increase. Despite remarkable progress in medical technology, the treatment of brain diseases still faces many challenges, especially limitations caused by the blood-brain barrier (BBB), which significantly hinders the delivery of therapeutic drugs to the brain. In recent years, non-viral nanocarriers developed by nanotechnology have shown great potential for crossing the BBB, and have attracted much attention due to their low immunogenicity, high biocompatibility and good targeting. In this paper, we review the basic structure of the BBB, properties of nonviral vectors, and the mechanisms of crossing BBB. Moreover, this review summarizes the main types of non-viral vectors—liposomes, polymeric nanoparticles, biomimetic materials, and inorganic nanomaterials—while addressing the main translational barriers, including low BBB permeability, poor systemic stability, nonspecific peripheral accumulation, manufacturing challenges, and limited clinical validation, and suggests future research directions.