http://stroke.ahajournals.org/content/47/2/477.abstract?sid=ff015b40-527f-4dc3-a5ed-15aaa15923b5
The Japan Public Health Center–Based Study
- Yasuhiko Kubota, MD;
- Hiroyasu Iso, MD, PhD;
- Norie Sawada, MD, PhD;
- Shoichiro Tsugane, MD, PhD,
- The JPHC Study Group
+ Author Affiliations
- Correspondence to Hiroyasu Iso, MD, PhD, MPH, Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 565–0871, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, Japan. E-mail iso@pbhel.med.osaka-u.ac.jp
Abstract
Background and Purpose—The
association between breakfast intake and the risk of cardiovascular
disease, including stroke, among Asian people remains
unknown. We sought to prospectively
investigate whether the omission of breakfast is related to increased
risks of stroke
and coronary heart disease in general
Japanese populations.
Methods—A total of
82 772 participants (38 676 men and 44 096 women) aged 45 to 74 years
without histories of cardiovascular disease
or cancer were followed up from 1995 to 2010.
Participants were classified as having breakfast 0 to 2, 3 to 4, 5 to
6, or
7 times/wk. The hazard ratios of
cardiovascular disease were estimated using Cox proportional hazards
models.
Results—During the 1
050 030 person-years of follow-up, we documented a total of 4642
incident cases, 3772 strokes (1051 cerebral
hemorrhages, 417 subarachnoid hemorrhages,
and 2286 cerebral infarctions), and 870 coronary heart disease.
Multivariable analysis
showed that those consuming no breakfast per
week compared with those consuming breakfast everyday had hazard ratios
(95%
confidence interval; P for trend) of
1.14 (1.01–1.27; 0.013) for total cardiovascular disease, 1.18
(1.04–1.34; 0.007) for total stroke, and 1.36
(1.10–1.70; 0.004) for cerebral hemorrhage.
Similar results were observed even after exclusion of early
cardiovascular events.
No significant association between the
frequency of breakfast intake and the risk of coronary heart disease was
observed.
Conclusions—The frequency of breakfast intake was inversely associated with the risk of stroke, especially cerebral hemorrhage in Japanese,
suggesting that eating breakfast everyday may be beneficial for the prevention of stroke.
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