Use the labels in the right column to find what you want. Or you can go thru them one by one, there are only 34,483 posts. Searching is done in the search box in upper left corner. I blog on anything to do with stroke. DO NOT DO ANYTHING SUGGESTED HERE AS I AM NOT MEDICALLY TRAINED, YOUR DOCTOR IS, LISTEN TO THEM. BUT I BET THEY DON'T KNOW HOW TO GET YOU 100% RECOVERED. I DON'T EITHER BUT HAVE PLENTY OF QUESTIONS FOR YOUR DOCTOR TO ANSWER.
What this blog is for:
My blog is not to help survivors recover, it is to have the 10 million yearly stroke survivors light fires underneath their doctors, stroke hospitals and stroke researchers to get stroke solved. 100% recovery. The stroke medical world is completely failing at that goal, they don't even have it as a goal. Shortly after getting out of the hospital and getting NO information on the process or protocols of stroke rehabilitation and recovery I started searching on the internet and found that no other survivor received useful information. This is an attempt to cover all stroke rehabilitation information that should be readily available to survivors so they can talk with informed knowledge to their medical staff. It lays out what needs to be done to get stroke survivors closer to 100% recovery. It's quite disgusting that this information is not available from every stroke association and doctors group.
Thursday, September 3, 2026
This Is What Happened When People Ran At A Surprisingly Easy Pace by mindbodygreen
Maybe something from this book?
Tuesday, July 4, 2023
Ta’Mara Aarin couldn’t sit up after a stroke, but readies for LA 2024 marathon
What does your doctor have for getting you running again? NOTHING? THEN HOW FUCKING INCOMPETENT ARE YOU ALLOWING YOUR DOCTOR TO BE IN NOT HAVING INTERVENTIONS FOR YOUR GAIT REHAB?
Not just walking! Running!? Maybe something from this book?
Tommye-K. Mayer book; 'Teaching Me to Run'.
Ta’Mara Aarin couldn’t sit up after a stroke, but readies for LA 2024 marathon
This ultra runner has faced the Badwater marathon, and that has helped her run again

When Ta’Mara Aarin, 55, first arrived at a rehabilitation center after having a stroke that left her paralyzed on her left side, she was asked to set a goal. Aarin’s speech was slurred, her mind was foggy and she could barely even twitch the muscles on her left side, but she said, “100% recovery.”(This is what every survivor should demand.) Silence ensued.
The rehab staff stood there with the solemn understanding that Aarin would likely never be self-sufficient again thanks to the blot clot in her brain. But they didn’t say no. And for the past three years of recovery, neither has she.
“It was painful and my motor skills were affected,” said Aarin, a longtime Woodland Hills resident, on Wednesday June 28. “But I understood my body. It was really hard, but I wasn’t going to let (my life) slip by.”
“My recovery has taken me to some dark places,” she said. “I fought hard. Now, three years post-stroke, with lots of love and patience, I have returned to running.”
She will represent her charity, California Rehab Foundation, at the start of the Badwater 135 ultra-marathon in Death Valley from July 4 to July 6, supporting 100 runners on their 135-mile journey in 120-plus degree heat. She crewed the brutal race for more than ten years, but this week she and her husband will be on the sidelines, supporting runners with upbeat signage. She says of the future, “If you ask me for an ending to my story, it ends with me toeing the line at Badwater 135.”
Her life’s greatest challenge began on the night of March, 24, 2020 when Aarin experienced a stroke in the back of her neck, near her spinal cord. Her arm went numb and she had difficulty speaking, but neither Aarin nor her husband realized she was having a stroke. The next morning, her symptoms severely worsened, and she went to the hospital.
Once there, doctors conducted tests and an MRI, and confirmed she’d had a stroke. Since the stroke had occurred about 12 hours before she arrived at the hospital, too much time had passed and there was very little that could be done to reverse the damage.
After three days in the hospital, Aarin was wheeled to an inpatient rehabilitation facility. At the time, the COVID-19 pandemic had just started, so her husband couldn’t come with her.
“My husband helped tremendously, even though he couldn’t be there with me,” she said. “But there wasn’t a lot of support. There’s not really a lot that people can do. It’s more about what you do for yourself.”
During her first few days in rehab, she was in denial of the toll the stroke had taken on her body and her future, Aarin said. She had been an athlete and avid runner since she was a child, and the prospect of losing this core part of her life wasn’t just painful, it was unimaginable.
But while Aarin sat in her bed, her past athleticism—her years of experience running marathons and even parts of the extreme, 135-mile Badwater Ultramarathon in Death Valley—didn’t change her situation. She couldn’t sit up, she couldn’t move her fingers, and she had constant fatigue.
“At first, I was angry and I couldn’t accept the fate of the stroke happening to me,” she said.
Aarin didn’t know how brutal the road ahead would be, but her mind was firm and determined. For two months, she stayed in her room, in rehab. Each improvement took weeks, from unclenching her left hand to not falling over when moved into a seated position. As the pandemic surged, she couldn’t see her husband, so her main company was the TV comedy show “Impractical Jokers.”
“I had to learn to rewire my brain,” she said. “I had a routine and I paid attention to my growth. This helped a lot.”
The process was slow, but Aarin improved. She started to regain some motor skills and balance. By her second month in rehab, she could even take a couple steps.
Aarin was then discharged and went home, where she started intensive physical therapy. Typically, the goal of the physical therapy was that patients be able to perform necessary tasks, such as eating, showering, and moving around the house. But Aarin couldn’t imagine a life without running, so she set her expectations much higher.
Aarin has spent the last three years pushing herself through physical pain and self-doubt, and the results have been striking. Now she can cook, walk, speak unimpaired, lift her dogs—and run.
“It’s been quite an impressive process,” Aarin’s husband, Mike Anderson, said. “I’ve tried to be there, to do what needs to be done. It’s so impressive to see her progress.”
At this point, Aarin can run about 4.5 miles before losing her stamina, she said. She hopes to continue to improve, for not only herself but for others.
Aarin plans to run the 2024 Los Angeles Marathon next March, just four years after experiencing her stroke, to raise money for the California Rehabilitation Foundation which supports stroke victims through their medical expenses and recovery process.
“(The foundation) has been fabulous,” Aarin said. “That’s why I want to help give back to them.”
In addition to running the L.A. Marathon herself, Aarin is also partnering with the foundation to train a group of stroke patients’ loved ones to run it as well.
With her passion there to guide and center her, Aarin’s plan? Just keep running.
“I want people to know that if they’ve had a traumatic brain injury, never give up,” she said. “Because, I can (run), right? It’s possible. This is possible.”
For more information about her cause, go to: https://fundraisers.hakuapp.com/ta-mara-aarin
Wednesday, April 27, 2022
Can Running Make You Smarter?--Effects of Running on Adult Neurogenesis in the Hippocampus
It is your doctor's responsibility to get you running again. But since that won't occur, you might want to read the Tommye-K. Mayer book 'Teaching Me to Run'.
But you can't listen to me, I'm not medically trained
Can Running Make You Smarter?--Effects of Running on Adult Neurogenesis in the Hippocampus
Mentor/s
Dr. Kuljis
Participation Type
Poster
Abstract
Running can be an intense and strenuous form of exercise on the body but it greatly benefits overall health. Current research shows that running can not only improve physical health, but it can also improve mental health. The body’s biological response to consistent long-term running causes an increase in neurogenesis in the adult hippocampus. This increase results in higher cognitive function and can be used in combination with traditional therapies to treat mental health disorders including depression and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Running induced hippocampal neurogenesis may be the key potential mechanism targeted for developing pharmaceutical treatment for neurodegenerative diseases to slow its progression and manage symptoms.
College and Major available
Neuroscience
Course Name and Number, Professor Name
Senior Seminar, BI-399-B, Dr. Jareb
Location
Digital Commons & West Campus West Building
Thursday, October 14, 2021
Endurance exercise more beneficial to your health than resistance exercise
It is completely and totally your doctor's responsibility to get you recovered enough to do endurance exercise. I can't do two wheel biking so had to switch to a three wheel recumbent. Haven't tried running yet but will with the help of the Tommye-K. Mayer book 'Teaching Me to Run'.
Endurance exercise more beneficial to your health than resistance exercise
Endurance exercise such as biking or running is more beneficial to human health than resistance exercise such as weightlifting, according to the findings of a new study. The study is published in the Journal of Applied Physiologyand has been chosen as an APSselect article for October.
Mitochondria are often referred to as the powerhouse of cells. Increased mitochondrial activity, which occurs after exercise, can help improve overall metabolic health. Good metabolic health translates to ideal levels of blood sugar, cholesterol, blood pressure and waist circumference. On the other hand, poor metabolic health means your risk for heart disease, diabetes and stroke increases. That’s why robust physical activity—in this case, endurance training—is encouraged.
Researchers from Karolinska University Hospital and Linköping University in Sweden determined endurance exercises stimulate circulating levels of certain mitochondrial-derived peptides, which could lead to increased longevity and metabolic health. They did not find similar beneficial results from resistance exercise.
“This stresses it’s our own responsibility to be active and keep moving,” said co-researcher Ferdinand von Walden, MD, PhD, of the Karolinska Institute in Sweden. “This is one small piece that adds to the importance of being a physically active individual, so stay active.”
To read more, click here
Friday, May 7, 2021
Why your arm swing is so important to running and how to improve it
I have zero arm swing right now and this didn't tell me a damn thing. I want to run again and it will look awful with all the spasticity I have in my left leg. I'll have to reread 'Teaching Me to Run' by Tommye-K. Mayer.
Or maybe from here:
4 Ways To Improve Your Running Arm Swing
Fix the elbows (around) the 90 degree mark
Keep your elbows fixed somewhere between 80 and 100 degrees. Make sure you’re not constantly bending and straightening your elbows as this will use up energy. Movement should be from the shoulder joint, not the elbow joint.
Keep your hands and shoulders relaxed
There can be a tendency to elevate the shoulders whilst running. This leads to unwanted tension so try to relax and keep your shoulders down. Clenched fists are also unnecessary, so try to keep your fingers loosely curled inwards with your thumbs on top (not down into the fingers). Your palms should face each other, rather than downwards.
Don’t over-rotate the torso
It’s not uncommon to see runners driving their hands too far across the body so that their torso over rotates. This leads to unwanted demands on the core and is an extremely inefficient way of running. To ensure you don’t do this imagine there’s a vertical line that runs down the middle of your body. Swing the arms back and forth so that your hands do not cross that line.
Drive back with the elbows, not forwards with the hands
A lot of runners create an arm swing by driving their hands forwards almost in a punching like manner. This however can become very tiring, so rather than focussing on driving the hands forwards, focus on driving the elbows backwards. This will feel a lot less exhausting and will encourage good posture and forward momentum.
The latest here:
Why your arm swing is so important to running and how to improve it
Tandem
The hips may be the body’s fulcrum and its centre of balance, but things that happen above the waist can, and do, also affect balance and drive. The body is all connected and balanced on top of itself: head, shoulders, hips, knees, ankles, feet. If you throw off that balance at the top, the supporting structures need to work harder to keep your body upright before they begin the task of pushing you forward.
And here, as with the hips, our lifestyles often compromise what our arms would naturally be doing if we lived as our ancestors did – using them for lifting, carrying, pushing, pulling and throwing – as well as for daily, extensive walking and running. You don’t run on your arms, but make no mistake, arms are important to running.
Coaches have long maintained the role played by the arms in enhancing the stride. Former elite runner Grant Robison finds it is easier for runners to focus on and change their arm movements than their leg movements. ‘Your arms are right by your face,’ says Robison. ‘They are easy to focus on. It is hard to think about where your foot is landing in relation to your hips. But your arms? You can make them go.’
No arm done
‘People think running is all about the lower body,’ says therapist Laura Bergmann of Evolution Performance and Rehabilitation Center in Virginia, US. ‘But because it is all connected, tightness up there affects down here. Tight lats and pectorals, as well as rounded shoulders, all inhibit your ability to have a tall spine when you run.’
‘Many problems attributed to hips are actually upper-body mechanical problems,’ says mobility expert and coach Brad Cox. Cox says most of us have some upper body problems that stem from excessive sitting and hunching.
(Related: How strong is your upper body?)
We hunch over computers – even more now that everyone uses a laptop. We hunch over phones and video games. ‘Sitting is just horrible,’ says biomechanist and marathon runner Rebecca Shultz. ‘Tech added on top is awful.’ And it isn’t just tech; we reach forward while driving, reading, writing and eating. Everything in our lives, it seems, prompts our upper body to be forward oriented.
Monday, March 29, 2021
Ice cube tray failures
Our St. Patricks day dinner had a Whiskey Cider Julep starter; Teeling whiskey.
a fake corned beef and cabbage dinner with Guinness blonde beer.
Apres dinner drink of Irish mead(White wine with honey), not true mead since it wasn't totally made with honey. Too sweet for me.
We finished the beer and the mead over the next two nights, whiskey was pretty much completely full.
So in order to consume some of it I need ice cubes. Since these are the plastic trays the standard way to pop the ice cubes out is to grab the ends with both hands and twist. That is impossible.
1. I can't open my left hand and get it around one end at the same time.
2. I don't have the gripping power to hold on, or the ability to twist my wrist at the same time.
So the hip check method as proposed in One-Handed in a Two-Handed World (Second Edition) (Spiral-bound) by Tommye-K. Mayer was the way to go.
Tuesday, March 2, 2021
banana bunch failure
Removing one banana from a bunch one-handed comes very close to failure most of the time. I can't use the hip check method as proposed in One-Handed in a Two-Handed World (Second Edition) (Spiral-bound) by Tommye-K. Mayer. That would smash the bananas. Hopefully your speech therapist trained you in the correct way to peel a banana by following the experts in that, chimpanzees. Peeling it the wrong way one-handed invariably results in a smashed banana.
How To Peel A Banana Like A Monkey
Only 32 seconds long.
Wednesday, January 8, 2020
First-Time Marathoners Turn Back Clock on Vascular Aging
You'll want this reversal but your doctor will look at the healthy individuals recruited and be able to successfully say this doesn't apply to stroke survivors. That 'get out of jail free' card should be laughed at and DEMAND your doctor provide protocols to get you running again. Since you will get no help from your doctor you are completely on your own to learn running again. I'd suggest 'Teaching Me to Run' by Tommye-K. Mayer
First-Time Marathoners Turn Back Clock on Vascular Aging
Arterial stiffening cannot be helped by available medications
- by Nicole Lou, Staff Writer, MedPage Today
After 6 months of unsupervised training for the London Marathon, 138 people demonstrated improved distensibility on cardiac MRI in two levels of the thoracic aorta: the proximal descending aorta (average 9% increase from baseline, P=0.009) and the diaphragmatic descending aorta (16% increase, P=0.002).
This correlates with 4 years regained in "aortic age" given the amount of distensibility known to be lost over time due to aging, reported Charlotte Manisty, MD, of Barts Heart Centre in London, and colleagues in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology.
"If the observed effects of exercise on LAS [large artery stiffening] can be sustained, they could have major effects on the myocardium, kidney, brain, and various other organs, with a potentially broad impact on age-related conditions," commented Julio Chirinos, MD, PhD, of the Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia.
"Despite its benefits, exercise remains underutilized and challenging to implement on a large scale, both in the general public and in clinical populations. Therefore, there is a need for implementation research aimed at overcoming common barriers to exercise and physical activity," he wrote in an accompanying editorial.
Study participants had no previous marathon experience and were running less than 2 hours a week at baseline. Half of the enrolled cohort were men. Mean age was 37.
Their recommended exercise training regimen consisted of 6 to 13 miles of weekly running before the 2016 and 2017 London Marathons. They had central blood pressure and aortic stiffness evaluated roughly 176 days before and 16 days after finishing the marathon.
Greater reversals in aortic stiffening were observed in older individuals, men, slower runners, and those with higher blood pressure.
"This study emphasizes the importance of lifestyle to modify the aging process, particularly as it appears 'never too late' to gain the benefit as seen in older, slower runners," Manisty's group noted.
Not all thoracic aortic segments showed improved elasticity with marathon training, however, as no change was seen in the ascending aorta in the study.
Marathon training reduced both brachial and aortic systolic blood pressures by 4 mm Hg -- in line with the magnitude achievable on first-line antihypertensive drugs, the investigators reported.
"The improvement in aortic stiffness was both functional due to blood pressure lowering, as well as intrinsic due to structural changes in the descending aorta. This is supported by wave separation analysis, which showed that reflection magnitude was unchanged," they stated.
That the increase in distal descending aortic distensibility was at least partially independent of the change in distending pressure suggests intrinsic changes in the material properties of the aortic wall, rather than changes in loading conditions alone, Chirinos agreed.
Manisty's team acknowledged that the study of healthy marathon-finishers precludes the generalizability of their results to hypertensive individuals and those who didn't complete the marathon.
They also had no information on the intensity, frequency, and type of exercise training undertaken.
A lack of controls also limits the interpretation of the findings, Chirinos said, noting that the finding of a more pronounced reduction in aortic stiffness among certain subgroups appears to be at odds with previous data suggesting less pronounced effects of exercise training on aortic stiffness among hypertensive and older adults.
"As a consequence of its key role in health and disease, LAS imposes a large global burden of age-related morbidity and mortality, which will become increasingly important as competing causes of death (such as atherosclerosis, cancer, and transthyretin amyloidosis) are addressed with more effective prevention and treatment strategies," the editorialist said.
"LAS therefore represents a high-priority therapeutic target that is not addressed by our current pharmacological approaches," he stated.
Primary Source
Journal of the American College of Cardiology
Source Reference: Bhuva AN, et al "Training for a first-time marathon reverses age-related aortic stiffening" J Am Coll Cardiol 2020; DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2019.10.045.Secondary Source
Journal of the American College of Cardiology
Source Reference: Chirinos JA "The run against arterial aging" J Am Coll Cardiol 2020; DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2019.11.007.
Thursday, December 26, 2019
Chapstick tube rehab
Chapstick tube opening and closing is really a two handed operation. I received no training on one handed use of this. It now requires being next to a flat stable surface to set the cap down on after I somehow manage with my thumb and first two fingers to pry off the cap with the remaining three fingers holding the tube. I haven't succumbed to the other standby, teeth. This does require that the tube of gel isn't extended very far beyond the top of the plastic case, otherwise chunks get scraped off in the process.
This excellent book didn't cover this need;
One-Handed in a Two-Handed World (Second Edition) (Spiral-bound) by Tommye-K. Mayer
Thursday, November 14, 2019
‘Running medicine’ improves health
I bet there is zero chance your doctor and therapists have any protocol to get you running again. But if you are willing to try this dangerous activity on your own I'd suggest the book; 'Teaching Me to Run' by Tommye-K. Mayer. Don't do this without your doctors prescription.
‘Running medicine’ improves health
November 13, 2019
“Our society is increasingly built to discourage us from moving, and this creates unhealthy people and communities,” Anthony Fleg, MD, MPH, associate professor with the department of family and community medicine at the University of New Mexico, told Healio Primary Care. “The USA spends far less on creating healthy people and communities than other countries. No surprise that we then spend far more on treating disease than every country in the world.”
He said his running medicine events in New Mexico are coordinated by health professionals, coaches and students and supported by more than 160 community partners such as health clinics, schools and nonprofit organizations. These events occur three to four times weekly for a period of 8 to 10 weeks and include:
- meditations/inspirations/games;
- dynamic stretching exercises;
- walks/runs of 30 to 40 minutes of varying skill and competitiveness levels;
- static stretching and core strengthening;
- healthy foods and beverages; and
- closing inspiration and events that build a sense of community.
“We want to show people what true health and wellness looks like for themselves,” he said. “Remove them from the stress of their lives, the agents of disease and show them for a few hours a week what mind, body and spirit wellness looks like.”
Although his running medicine events typically involve the Native American population in both rural and urban New Mexico, Fleg said that it would be “simple” to coordinate similar events nationwide. – by Janel Miller
Monday, November 11, 2019
Any amount of running linked to significantly lower risk of death
I bet there is zero chance your doctor and therapists have any protocol to get you running again. But if you are willing to try this dangerous activity on your own I'd suggest the book; 'Teaching Me to Run' by Tommye-K. Mayer. Don't do this without your doctors prescription.
Any amount of running linked to significantly lower risk of death
It's not clear how good running is for staving off the risk of death from any cause and particularly from cardiovascular disease and cancer, say the researchers.
Nor is it clear how much running a person needs to do to reap these potential benefits, nor whether upping the frequency, duration, and pace—in other words, increasing the 'dose'— might be even more advantageous.
To try and find out, the researchers systematically reviewed relevant published research, conference presentations, and doctoral theses and dissertations in a broad range of academic databases.
They looked for studies on the association between running/jogging and the risk of death from all causes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer.
They found 14 suitable studies, involving 232,149 people, whose health had been tracked for between 5.5 and 35 years. During this time, 25,951 of the study participants died.
When the study data were pooled, any amount of running was associated with a 27% lower risk of death from all causes for both sexes, compared with no running.
And it was associated with a 30% lower risk of death from cardiovascular disease, and a 23% lower risk of death from cancer.
Even small 'doses'—for example, once weekly or less, lasting less than 50 minutes each time, and at a speed below 6 miles (8 km) an hour, still seemed to be associated with significant health/longevity benefits.
So running for 25 minutes less than the recommended weekly duration of vigorous physical activity could reduce the risk of death. This makes running a potentially good option for those whose main obstacle to doing enough exercise is lack of time, suggest the researchers.
But upping 'the dose' wasn't associated with a further lowering of the risk of death from any cause, the analysis showed.
This is an observational study, and as such, can't establish cause. And the researchers caution that the number of included studies was small and their methods varied considerably, which may have influenced the results.
Nevertheless, they suggest that any amount of running is better than none, concluding: "Increased rates of participation in running, regardless of its dose, would probably lead to substantial improvements in population health and longevity."
Tuesday, July 17, 2018
Deficits in ankle joint mechanics during running can be resolved with rehabilitation in people with traumatic brain injury
Can the same be said for stroke? Will it fix my ankle spasticity? I haven't even attempted running yet. Whom is going to followup for stroke? We need a protocol, not just tell us to read the book, 'Teaching Me to Run' by Tommye-K. Mayer.
Deficits in ankle joint mechanics during running can be resolved with rehabilitation in people with traumatic brain injury
| Epworth Authors: | Williams, Gavin |
| Other Authors: | Schache, Anthony |
| Keywords: | Traumatic Brain Injury TBI Lower-Limb Power Generation Running Lower-Limb Joint Mechanics Biomechanical Variables High-Level Mobility Rehabilitation Rehabilitation, Mental Health and Chronic Pain Clinical Institute, Epworth HealthCare, Victoria, Australia Neurosciences Clinical Institute, Epworth HealthCare, Victoria, Australia |
| Issue Date: | Jun-2018 |
| Conference: | Epworth HealthCare Research Week 2018 |
| Conference Location: | Epworth Research Institute, Victoria, Australia |
| Abstract: | Background: Many people with traumatic brain injury experience difficulty running. We recently demonstrated the first-ever evidence for the recovery of lower-limb power generation for walking. The aim of this study was to determine if a period of rehabilitation could also lead to the recovery of lower-limb power generation for running. Specifically the aims were 1) To compare lower-limb joint mechanics during running for people with traumatic brain injury (TBI) to equivalent data obtained from a group of healthy controls (HC); and 2) To determine if deficits identified in biomechanical variables during running for people with TBI were responsive to a six-month period of rehabilitation. Methods: Participants: Twelve ambulant people with extremely-severe TBI who were attending physiotherapy at Epworth Healthcare for mobility limitations, and a comparative sample of 10 healthy controls (HCs). Design: Cross-sectional observational cohort study with six-month follow-up. Main Outcome Measures: Average power (i.e. over time) absorbed and generated at the hip, knee and ankle joints during stance. Results: Compared to HCs, participants with TBI at baseline ran with greater average power absorption at the hip (-0.27 W/kg vs -0.61 W/kg; p<0.05), reduced average power absorption at the knee (-2.03 W/kg vs -1.02 W/kg; p<0.05) and reduced average power generation at the ankle (2.86 W/kg vs 2.06 W/kg; p<0.05). Only average power generation at the ankle improved following six months of rehabilitation for the participants with TBI (2.06 W/kg vs 2.79 W/kg; p<0.05). Conclusion: In the cohort of participants with TBI included in the present study, recovery of running and high-level mobility was related to an improvement in ankle joint mechanics. This is the first-ever evidence for the recovery of lower-limb power generation for running in any adult or paediatric neurological population. |
| URI: | http://hdl.handle.net/11434/1413 |
| Type: | Conference Poster |
| Affiliated Organisations: | School of Physiotherapy, The University of Melbourne. Melbourne, Australia School of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Melbourne. Melbourne, Australia |
| Type of Clinical Study or Trial: | Cross-Sectional Study |
| Appears in Collections: | Rehabilitation |

