Notice the word 'may'. What would it take to change that to 'is'?
http://www.alphagalileo.org/ViewItem.aspx?ItemId=158355&CultureCode=en
Drinking a second or third cup of coffee may do more than get you
through a long day — it may also reduce your risk of death from heart
disease and other illnesses.
In a study reported in the American Heart Association journal
Circulation, people who regularly drank moderate amounts of coffee daily
—less than 5 cups per day — experienced a lower risk of deaths from
cardiovascular disease, neurological diseases, Type 2 diabetes and
suicide.
The benefit held true for drinking caffeinated and decaffeinated
coffee, suggesting it’s not just the caffeine providing health perks but
possibly the naturally occurring chemical compounds in the coffee
beans.
“Bioactive compounds in coffee reduce insulin resistance and
systematic inflammation,” said Ming Ding, M.D., the study’s first author
and doctoral student at the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health
in Boston, Massachusetts. “They might be responsible for the inverse
association between coffee and mortality. However, more studies are
needed to investigate the biological mechanisms producing these
effects.”
The findings are based on data from three large ongoing studies:
74,890 women in the Nurses’ Health Study; 93,054 women in the Nurses’
Health Study 2; and 40,557 men in the Health Professionals Follow-up
Study.
Researchers assessed coffee drinking every four years using validated
food questionnaires and followed participants for up to 30 years.
During the follow-up period, 19,524 women and 12,432 men died from a
range of causes.
In general, people who frequently drank coffee were more likely to
smoke and drink alcohol. To separate the effects of coffee from smoking,
researchers repeated their analysis among never-smokers, and found that
the protective benefits of coffee on deaths became even more evident.
“Regular consumption of coffee can be included as part of a healthy,
balanced diet,” said senior author Frank Hu, M.D., Ph.D., a Professor of
Nutrition and Epidemiology at Harvard. “However, certain populations
such as pregnant women and children should be cautious about high
caffeine intake from coffee or other beverages.”
The study was not designed to show a direct cause and effect
relationship between coffee consumption and dying from illness. So the
findings should be interpreted with caution, researchers said. One
potential drawback of the study design was that participants were asked
to report how much coffee they drank, however researchers found the
assessment to be reliable.
Previous studies found inconsistent associations between coffee
drinking and risk of total and cause-specific death. This study adds to
the literature that moderate coffee consumption may confer health
benefits. However, more research is needed to determine how coffee
affects the body and whether different types of coffee may play a role.
Other co-authors are Ambika Satija, B.A.; Shilpa N. Bhupathiraju,
M.D.; Yang Hu, M.S.; Qi Sun, M.D., D.Sc.; Jiali Han, D.Sc. ; Esther
Lopez-Garcia, Ph.D. ; Walter Willett, M.D., Dr.PH.; and Rob van Dam,
Ph.D.
Author disclosures are on the manuscript.
The National Institutes of Health funded the study.
http://newsroom.heart.org/news/moderate-coffee-drinking-may-be-linked-to-reduced-risk-of-death?preview=f0fb4647a3573625d416bdc63d64f411
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