http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0149763415301068
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- Basic understanding and recent advances of molecular signaling mechanism involved in dendritic spines dynamics.
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- Mechanistic details of the dendritic spine anomalies, and their potential impact on psychiatric disorders and neurological diseases.
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- Different strategies to restore the dendritic spines structure-functions in brain diseases.
Abstract
The
structure and dynamics of dendritic spines reflects the strength of
synapses, which are severely affected in different brain diseases.
Therefore, understanding the ultra-structure, molecular signaling
mechanism(s) regulating dendritic spine dynamics is crucial. Although,
since last century, dynamics of spine have been explored by several
investigators in different neurological diseases, but despite countless
efforts, a comprehensive understanding of the fundamental etiology and
molecular signaling pathways involved in spine pathology is lacking. The
purpose of this review is to provide a contextual framework of our
current understanding of the molecular mechanisms of dendritic spine
signaling, as well as their potential impact on different
neurodegenerative and psychiatric diseases, as a format for highlighting
some commonalities in function, as well as providing a format for new
insights and perspectives into this critical area of research.
Additionally, the potential strategies to restore spine
structure-function in different diseases are also pointed out. Overall,
these informations should help researchers to design new drugs to
restore the structure-function of dendritic spine, a “hot site” of
synaptic plasticity.
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