http://www.ecologyandsociety.org/vol12/iss1/art23/table1.html
(I) DESCRIPTIVE CONCEPT | ||
(Ia) ECOLOGICAL
SCIENCE |
||
1) Original-ecological | Measure of the persistence of systems and of their ability to absorb change and disturbance and still maintain the same relationships between populations or state variables | Holling 1973:14 |
2) Extended-ecological | The magnitude of disturbance that
can be absorbed before the system changes its structure by
changing the variables and processes that control behavior and The capacity of a system to experience shocks while retaining essentially the same function, structure, feedbacks, and therefore identity |
Gunderson and Holling 2002:4 Walker et al. 2006:2 |
2a) Three characteristics | capacities i) to absorb disturbances, ii) for self-organization, and iii) for learning and adaptation | Walker et al. 2002 |
2b) Four aspects | 1) latitude (width of the domain),
2) resistance (height of the domain), 3) precariousness, 4) cross-scale relations |
Folke et al. 2004:573 |
3) Systemic-heuristic | Quantitative property that changes throughout ecosystem dynamics and occurs on each level of an ecosystem’s hierarchy | Holling 2001 |
4) Operational | Resilience of what to
what? and The ability of the system to maintain its identity in the face of internal change and external shocks and disturbances |
Carpenter et al. 2001 Cumming et al. 2005 |
(Ib) SOCIAL SCIENCES | ||
5) Sociological | The ability of groups or communities to cope with external stresses and disturbances as a result of social, political, and environmental change | Adger 2000:347 |
6) Ecological-economic | Transition probability between
states as a function of the consumption and production activities
of decision makers and The ability of the system to withstand either market or environmental shocks without loosing the capacity to allocate resources efficiently |
Brock et al. 2002:273 Perrings 2006:418 |
(II) HYBRID CONCEPT | ||
7) Ecosystem-services-related | The underlying capacity of an ecosystem to maintain desired ecosystem services in the face of a fluctuating environment and human use | Folke et al. 2002:14 |
8) Social-ecological system | ||
8a) Social-ecological | The capacity of a social-ecological systems to absorb recurrent disturbances (...) so as to retain essential structures, processes and feedbacks | Adger et al. 2005:1036 |
8b) Resilience-approach | A perspective or approach to analyze social-ecological systems | Folke 2006 |
(III) NORMATIVE CONCEPT | ||
9) Metaphoric | Flexibility over the long term | Pickett et al. 2004:381 |
10) Sustainability-related | Maintenance of natural capital in the long run | Ott and Döring 2004:213f |
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