So can we get the 'Good Housekeeping Seal of Approval' protocol setup for this? I'm ready to release my stem cells anytime.
http://www.newswise.com/articles/housekeeping-mechanism-for-brain-stem-cells-discovered?ret=/articles/list&category=medicine&page=1&search[status]=3&search[sort]=date+desc&search[section]=10&search[has_multimedia]=#
Researchers at Columbia University Medical Center (CUMC) have
identified a molecular pathway that controls the retention and release
of the brain’s stem cells. The discovery offers new insights into normal
and abnormal neurologic development and could eventually lead to
regenerative therapies for neurologic disease and injury. The findings,
from a collaborative effort of the laboratories of Drs. Anna Lasorella
and Antonio Iavarone, were published today in the online edition of Nature Cell Biology.
The
research builds on recent studies, which showed that stem cells reside
in specialized niches, or microenvironments, that support and maintain
them.
“From this research, we knew that when stem cells detach
from their niche, they lose their identity as stem cells and begin to
differentiate into specific cell types,” said co-senior author Antonio
Iavarone, MD, professor of Pathology and Neurology at CUMC.
“However,
the pathways that regulate the interaction of stem cells with their
niche were obscure,” said co-senior author Anna Lasorella, MD, associate
professor of Pathology and Pediatrics at CUMC and a member of the
Columbia Stem Cell Initiative.
In the brain, the stem cell niche
is located in an area adjacent to the ventricles, the fluid-filled
spaces within the brain. Neural stem cells (NSCs) within the niche are
carefully regulated, so that enough cells are released to populate
specific brain areas, while a sufficient supply is kept in reserve.
In
previous studies, Drs. Iavarone and Lasorella focused on molecules
called Id (inhibitor of differentiation) proteins, which regulate
various stem cell properties. They undertook the present study to
determine how Id proteins maintain stem cell identity.
The team
developed a genetically altered strain of mice in which Id proteins were
silenced, or knocked down, in NSCs. In the absence of Id proteins, mice
died within 24 hours of birth. Their brains showed markedly lowered NSC
proliferative capacity, and their stem cell populations were reduced.
Studies
of NSCs from this strain of mice revealed that Id proteins directly
regulate the production of a protein called Rap1GAP, which in turn
controls Rap1, one of the master regulators of cell adhesion. The
researchers found that the Id-Rap1GAP-Rap1 pathway is critical for the
adhesion of NSCs to their niche and for NSC maintenance. “There may be
other pathways involved, but we believe this is the key pathway,” said
Dr. Iavarone. “There is good reason to believe that it operates in other
kinds of stem cells, and our labs are investigating this question now.”
“This is a new idea,” added Dr. Lasorella. “Before this study,
the prevailing wisdom was that NSCs are regulated by the niche
components, conceivably through the release of chemical attractants such
as cytokines. However, our findings suggest that stem cell identity
relies on this mechanism.”
More research needs to be done before
the findings can be applied therapeutically, Dr. Iavarone said.
“Multiple studies show that NSCs respond to insults such as ischemic
stroke or neurodegenerative diseases. If we can understand how to
manipulate the pathways that determine stem cell fate, in the future we
may be able to control NSC properties for therapeutic purposes.”
"Another
aspect,” added Dr. Lasorella, “is to determine whether Id proteins also
maintain stem cell properties in cancer stem cells in the brain. In
fact, normal stem cells and cancer stem cells share properties and
functions. Since cancer stem cells are difficult to treat, identifying
these pathways may lead to more effective therapies for malignant brain
tumors."
Stephen G. Emerson, MD, PhD, director of the Herbert
Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center at NewYork-Presbyterian
Hospital/Columbia University Medical Center, added that, "Understanding
the pathway that allows stem cells to develop into mature cells could
eventually lead to more effective, less toxic cancer treatments. This
beautiful study opens up a wholly unanticipated way to think about
treating brain tumors."
The paper is titled “Id proteins
synchronize stemness and anchorage to the niche of neural stem cells.”
Other contributors are Francesco Niola (CUMC), Xudong Zhao (CUMC),
Devendra Singh (CUMC), Angelica Castano (CUMC), Ryan Sullivan (CUMC),
Mario Lauria (Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Naples,
Italy), Hyung-song Nam (Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New
York),, Yuan Zhuang (Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North
Carolina), Robert Benezra (Memorial Sloan-Kettering), and Diego Di
Bernardo (Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine).
This
research was supported by National Cancer Institute grants R01CA101644,
R01CA131126, R01CA085628, and R01CA127643, and National Institute of
Neurological Disorders and Stroke grant R01NS061776.
The authors declare no financial or other conflicts of interest.
Columbia
University Medical Center provides international leadership in basic,
pre-clinical and clinical research, in medical and health sciences
education, and in patient care. The medical center trains future leaders
and includes the dedicated work of many physicians, scientists, public
health professionals, dentists, and nurses at the College of Physicians
and Surgeons, the Mailman School of Public Health, the College of Dental
Medicine, the School of Nursing, the biomedical departments of the
Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, and allied research centers and
institutions. Established in 1767, Columbia's College of Physicians and
Surgeons was the first institution in the country to grant the M.D.
degree and is among the most selective medical schools in the country.
Columbia University Medical Center is home to the largest medical
research enterprise in New York City and State and one of the largest in
the United States.
Use the labels in the right column to find what you want. Or you can go thru them one by one, there are only 28,972 posts. Searching is done in the search box in upper left corner. I blog on anything to do with stroke.DO NOT DO ANYTHING SUGGESTED HERE AS I AM NOT MEDICALLY TRAINED, YOUR DOCTOR IS, LISTEN TO THEM. BUT I BET THEY DON'T KNOW HOW TO GET YOU 100% RECOVERED. I DON'T EITHER, BUT HAVE PLENTY OF QUESTIONS FOR YOUR DOCTOR TO ANSWER.
Changing stroke rehab and research worldwide now.Time is Brain! trillions and trillions of neurons that DIE each day because there are NO effective hyperacute therapies besides tPA(only 12% effective). I have 523 posts on hyperacute therapy, enough for researchers to spend decades proving them out. These are my personal ideas and blog on stroke rehabilitation and stroke research. Do not attempt any of these without checking with your medical provider. Unless you join me in agitating, when you need these therapies they won't be there.
What this blog is for:
My blog is not to help survivors recover, it is to have the 10 million yearly stroke survivors light fires underneath their doctors, stroke hospitals and stroke researchers to get stroke solved. 100% recovery. The stroke medical world is completely failing at that goal, they don't even have it as a goal. Shortly after getting out of the hospital and getting NO information on the process or protocols of stroke rehabilitation and recovery I started searching on the internet and found that no other survivor received useful information. This is an attempt to cover all stroke rehabilitation information that should be readily available to survivors so they can talk with informed knowledge to their medical staff. It lays out what needs to be done to get stroke survivors closer to 100% recovery. It's quite disgusting that this information is not available from every stroke association and doctors group.
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