http://cid.oxfordjournals.org/content/early/2013/12/02/cid.cit745.short?rss=1
- Tony Antoniou1,2,3,4,
- Hong Zheng4,
- Samantha Singh4,
- David N. Juurlink3,4,5,
- Muhammad M. Mamdani2,3,4,6,7, and
- Tara Gomes2,3,4,6
+ Author Affiliations
- Correspondence: Tony Antoniou, PhD, 410 Sherbourne St, 4th Floor, Toronto, ON M4X 1K2, Canada (tantoniou@smh.ca).
Abstract
Background.
Statins are widely used lipid-lowering drugs with immunomodulatory
properties that may favor reactivation of latent varicella-zoster
virus infection. However, whether statins increase
the risk of herpes zoster is unknown.
Methods. We
conducted a population-based retrospective cohort study of Ontario
residents aged ≥66 years between 1 April 1997 and 31
March 2010 to examine the association between
statin use and incidence of herpes zoster. We used propensity score
matching
to ensure similarity between users and nonusers of
statins, and Cox proportional hazard models to assess differences in
outcomes
between study groups. To test the specificity of
our findings, we examined the association between statin exposure and
knee
arthroplasty.
Results. During
the 13-year study period, we matched 494 651 individuals treated with a
statin to an equal number of untreated individuals.
In the main analysis, the rate of herpes zoster was
higher among users of statins relative to nonusers of these drugs
(13.25
vs 11.71 per 1000 person-years, respectively;
hazard ratio [HR], 1.13; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.10–1.17). The
attributable
fraction of exposed individuals was 11.6%. In a
prespecified analysis, we found a similar risk of herpes zoster among
statin
users in the subgroup of patients with diabetes
(HR, 1.18; 95% CI, 1.09–1.27). As expected, we found no association
between
statin use and knee arthroplasty (HR, 1.04; 95% CI,
.99–1.09).
Conclusions. Among older patients, treatment with statins is associated with a small but significantly increased risk of herpes zoster.
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