http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0301051113001233
Abstract
In
the present study we implemented a real-time feedback system based on
multichannel near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). Prior studies indicated
that NIRS-based neurofeedback can enhance motor imagery related cortical
activation. To specify these prior results and to confirm the efficacy
of NIRS based neurofeedback training, we examined changes in blood
oxygenation level collected in eight NIRS neurofeedback training
sessions. The study design differentiated between a feedback group (N = 9) that got real feedback about their own brain activity and a sham feedback group (N = 8)
that saw a playback of another person's feedback recording. All
participants were instructed to imagine a right hand movement to control
the vertical position of a ball displayed on a computer screen. Real
neurofeedback induced specific and focused brain activation over left
motor areas. This focal brain activation became even more specific over
the eight training sessions. In contrast, sham feedback led to diffuse
brain activation patterns over the whole cortex. These findings indicate
that NIRS-based real-time neurofeedback induces focused activation in
specific brain areas which can be useful when training patients with
focal brain lesions to increase activity of specific brain areas for
rehabilitation purpose.
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