http://stm.sciencemag.org/content/4/154/154ra133.abstract?sid=40d1044d-1d0e-49bc-b846-cee51632ed2c
Sci Transl Med
3 October 2012:
Vol. 4, Issue 154, p. 154ra133
Sci. Transl. Med. DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.3003824
Vol. 4, Issue 154, p. 154ra133
Sci. Transl. Med. DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.3003824
- Research Article
A Translational Paradigm for the Preclinical Evaluation of the Stroke Neuroprotectant Tat-NR2B9c in Gyrencephalic Nonhuman Primates
- 1Toronto Western Hospital Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario M5T 2S8, Canada.
- 2Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada.
- 3Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada.
- 4Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada.
- ↵*To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: mike.tymianski{at}uhn.ca
Abstract
Over decades, all attempts to translate acute stroke neuroprotectants from discovery in lower-order species to human clinical use have failed. This raised concerns about the
predictive validity of preclinical studies in animals for outcomes in human stroke
trials. To bridge this translational gap, we used high-order
gyrencephalic nonhuman primates subjected to an experimental
protocol that mimicked that of a corresponding,
separately reported, clinical trial in which the human subjects
underwent
endovascular cerebral aneurysm repair. Both
placebo-controlled studies tested neuroprotection by Tat-NR2B9c, a
prospective
therapeutic compound, in anesthetized subjects.
Embolic strokes were produced
by small intra-arterial emboli caused by the endovascular procedure. We
show that primates treated with Tat-NR2B9c
after the onset of embolic strokes exhibited significantly reduced numbers and volumes of strokes,
as visualized by diffusion- and T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging.
These results correctly anticipated the outcome
of the corresponding human trial, thus
validating this study design as a predictor of neuroprotective efficacy
in humans.
This strategy may facilitate the evaluation of
promising neuroprotectants before undertaking similar studies in human
subjects.
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