The associations between insomnia and health-related quality of life in rehabilitation units at 1 month after stroke

Yes, they have documented a problem but give NO fucking solution(protocol) on how to address that problem. A great stroke association president would give a tongue lashing to these researchers for not doing useful research.
 This is where a great stroke association president would keep the research focus on solving all the problems in stroke, not just describing them.  
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022399916305220

• Won-Hyoung Kim^a,
• Han-Young Jung^b,
• Ha-Yoon Choi^b,
• Chan-Hyuk Park^b,
• Eun-Suk Kim^b,
• Sook-Joung Lee^c,
• Sung-Hwa Ko^d,
• Soo-Yeon Kim^d,
• Kyung-Lim Joa^{b, ,}

 Show more

http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychores.2017.02.008

Get rights and content

---

Highlights

•

The prevalence of insomnia at one month after stroke onset was 59.5%.

•

The patient with insomnia was more likely to be older and female.

•

The patient with insomnia was more likely to have depression and anxiety.

•

Insomnia was associated with physical and mental HRQoL.

---

Abstract

Objective

The principal objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between insomnia and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) during the early stage of stroke rehabilitation.

Methods

The subjects were 214 first-time stroke patients admitted to a rehabilitation unit at one of three Korean hospitals. Within 7 days after stroke, functions were evaluated using; the Berg Balance Scale, the Modified Barthel Index, the Mini Mental State Examination, the Frontal Assessment Battery, Screening Tests for Aphasia and Neurologic-Communication Disorders, and the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale. Insomnia, depression, anxiety, and HRQoL were investigated at one month after stroke. Insomnia was defined as presence of at least one of the four following; difficulty initiating sleep, difficulty maintaining sleep, early morning awakening, and non-restorative sleep. HRQoL was assessed using the Short Form Health survey SF-8. Depression and anxiety were measured using the Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale. Multivariate linear regression analysis was conducted to examine the association between insomnia and HRQoL.

Results

The prevalence of insomnia at one month after stroke was 59.5%. Patients with insomnia were more likely to be older and female and to have depression and anxiety. Patients with insomnia had poorer physical and mental HRQoL. By multivariate analyses, physical HRQoL was significantly associated with type of stroke, hypnotic usage, balancing function, and insomnia. Mental HRQoL was significantly associated with balancing function, depression, and insomnia.

Conclusion

Insomnia was found to be negatively associated with physical and mental HRQoL in stroke patients during the early stage of rehabilitation.