http://stroke.ahajournals.org/content/48/3/740?etoc=
A Nationwide Retrospective Cohort Study in Japan
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Abstract
Background and Purpose—We
aimed to examine the concurrent effects of timing and intensity of
rehabilitation on improving activities of daily living (ADL) among
patients with ischemic stroke.
Methods—Using
the Japanese Diagnosis Procedure Combination inpatient database, we
retrospectively analyzed consecutive patients with ischemic stroke at
admission who received rehabilitation (n=100 719) from April 2012 to
March 2014. Early rehabilitation was defined as that starting within 3
days after admission. The average rehabilitation intensity per day was
calculated as the total units of rehabilitation during hospitalization
divided by the length of hospital stay. A multivariable logistic
regression analysis with multiple imputation and an instrumental
variable analysis were performed to examine the association of early and
intensive rehabilitation with the proportion of improved ADL score.
Results—The
proportion of improved ADL score was higher in the early and intensive
rehabilitation group. The multivariable logistic regression analysis
showed that significant improvements in ADL were observed for early
rehabilitation (odds ratio: 1.08; 95% confidence interval: 1.04–1.13; P<0.01) and intensive rehabilitation of >5.0 U/d (odds ratio: 1.87; 95% confidence interval: 1.69–2.07; P<0.01).
The instrumental variable analysis showed that an increased proportion
of improved ADL was associated with early rehabilitation (risk
difference: 2.8%; 95% confidence interval: 2.0–3.4%; P<0.001) and intensive rehabilitation (risk difference: 5.6%; 95% confidence interval: 4.6–6.6%; P<0.001).
Conclusions—The
present results suggested that early and intensive rehabilitation
improved ADL during hospitalization in patients with ischemic stroke.
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