http://science.sciencemag.org/content/344/6184/630
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Help the Aged
Muscle
function declines with age, as does neurogenesis in certain brain
regions. Two teams analyzed the effects of heterochronic parabiosis in
mice. Sinha et al. (p. 649)
found that when an aged mouse shares a circulatory system with a
youthful mouse, the aged mouse sees improved muscle function, and Katsimpardi et al. (p. 630)
observed increased generation of olfactory neurons. In both cases,
Growth Differentiation Factor 11 appeared to be one of the key
components of the young blood.
Abstract
In the adult central nervous system, the vasculature of the
neurogenic niche regulates neural stem cell behavior by providing
circulating and secreted factors. Age-related decline of neurogenesis
and cognitive function is associated with reduced blood flow and
decreased numbers of neural stem cells. Therefore, restoring the
functionality of the niche should counteract some of the negative
effects of aging. We show that factors found in young blood induce
vascular remodeling, culminating in increased neurogenesis and improved
olfactory discrimination in aging mice. Further, we show that GDF11
alone can improve the cerebral vasculature and enhance neurogenesis. The
identification of factors that slow the age-dependent deterioration of
the neurogenic niche in mice may constitute the basis for new methods of
treating age-related neurodegenerative and neurovascular diseases.
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