https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11064-017-2455-x
Original Paper
First Online: 19 December 2017
- 13 Downloads
Abstract
It
has been demonstrated that melatonin plays important roles in memory
improvement and promotes neurogenesis in experimental animals. We
examined effects of melatonin on cognitive deficits, neuronal damage,
cell proliferation, neuroblast differentiation and neuronal maturation
in the mouse dentate gyrus after cotreatment of scopolamine
(anticholinergic agent) and melatonin. Scopolamine (1 mg/kg) and
melatonin (10 mg/kg) were intraperitoneally injected for 2 and/or 4
weeks to 8-week-old mice. Scopolamine treatment induced significant
cognitive deficits 2 and 4 weeks after scopolamine treatment, however,
cotreatment of scopolamine and melatonin significantly improved spatial
learning and short-term memory impairments. Two and 4 weeks after
scopolamine treatment, neurons were not damaged/dead in the dentate
gyrus, in addition, no neuronal damage/death was shown after cotreatment
of scopolamine and melatonin. Ki67 (a marker for cell proliferation)-
and doublecortin (a marker for neuroblast differentiation)-positive
cells were significantly decreased in the dentate gyrus 2 and 4 weeks
after scopolamine treatment, however, cotreatment of scopolamine and
melatonin significantly increased Ki67- and doublecortin-positive cells
compared with scopolamine-treated group. However, double
immunofluorescence for NeuN/BrdU, which indicates newly-generated mature
neurons, did not show double-labeled cells (adult neurogenesis) in the
dentate gyrus 2 and 4 weeks after cotreatment of scopolamine and
melatonin. Our results suggest that melatonin treatment recovers
scopolamine-induced spatial learning and short-term memory impairments
and restores or increases scopolamine-induced decrease of cell
proliferation and neuroblast differentiation, but does not lead to adult
neurogenesis (maturation of neurons) in the mouse dentate gyrus
following scopolamine treatment.
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