This told me nothing useful, just standard boilerplate stroke exercise rehab. Could have been summarized in two sentences; 'Exercise is good for you, do as much as you can.' 'We know nothing specific about amounts or types, so you are on your own'.
The relationship between stroke and physical activity: effects of exercise on prevention and rehabilitation: a review article
1- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran.
2- Department of Physical Education, Farhangian University, Tehran, Iran.
2- Department of Physical Education, Farhangian University, Tehran, Iran.
Abstract: (24 Views)
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Stroke
is a medical condition in which occluded blood flow to the brain causes
cell necrosis. The main types of stroke are ischemic (due to lack of
blood flow with much higher prevalence) and hemorrhagic (due to bleeding
with low prevalence). Ischemic stroke is caused by the reduction of
blood to the brain tissue or complete occlusion of brain vessels by a
blood clot following arterial plaques rapture of cerebral arteries due
to atherosclerosis, cerebral myocardial infarction and small vascular
lesion infarction. Inflammatory reactions, increased oxidative stress,
cell death and autophagy are the most aggravating factors in this
condition. Instead, hemorrhagic stroke is caused by spontaneous
intracranial hemorrhage and subarachnoid hemorrhage, highly common in
men. To prevent the possible causes of stroke, investigators attempted
to study about the ways that may decrease the risk factors such as
trauma, high arterial hypertension, alcohol, low-density lipoprotein and
glycerides, tobacco and drugs. Physical activity is a potent inhibitory
factor which reported to be effective in prevention of stroke and
post-stroke rehabilitation. Aerobic, combined or strenuous activities
protect brain tissue by balancing apoptotic and anti-apoptotic pathways,
stimulating angiogenesis, reducing oxidative stress, increasing
antioxidant activity, optimizing Integrity and preservation of the
blood-brain barrier, improving nerve functions and preventing neuronal
death. The mechanisms involved in rehabilitation after ischemic stroke
with physical activity mostly refer to improved dendrites and synapses,
synaptic flexibility, regulation of inotropic receptors with glutamate,
increased BDNF, GAP43 and insulin-like growth factor. In patients with
cognitive impairments following acute ischemic stroke, high intensity
exercise improves processing timing and attention allocation,
self-independence, walking ability, aerobic power and reduces memory
degradation. Moreover, early start of physical activity after ischemic
stroke inhibits the initial physiological response to stroke and
prevents optimal recovery. In contrary, reports show positive effects of
onset of physical exercise a day after stroke. In hemorrhagic stroke,
exercise reduces systolic blood pressure, moderates resting blood
pressure via parasympathetic regulations and triggers angiogenesis in
the nervous system. Light to moderate or long-term physical training is
recommended in comparison to short-term high-intensity training. In
addition, early onset of physical activity during recovery after stroke
may be beneficial.
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