http://thejns.org/doi/full/10.3171/2017.1.FOCUS16497
Department of Neurosurgery, University Health Center, Wayne State University, Detroit Michigan
ABBREVIATIONS AIS = acute ischemic stroke; MB = methylene blue; MCA = middle cerebral artery; NMDAR = N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor; Treg = regulatory T cell.
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- By Keywords:
- neuroprotection, acute ischemic stroke, free radical, excitotoxicity, immune response
Abstract
Acute
ischemic stroke (AIS) is a leading cause of disability and death
worldwide. To date, intravenous tissue plasminogen activator and
mechanical thrombectomy have been standards of care for AIS. There have
been many advances in diagnostic imaging and endovascular devices for
AIS; however, most neuroprotective therapies seem to remain largely in
the preclinical phase. While many neuroprotective therapies have been
identified in experimental models, none are currently used routinely to
treat stroke patients. This review seeks to summarize clinical studies
pertaining to neuroprotection, as well as the different preclinical
neuroprotective therapies, their presumed mechanisms of action, and
their future applications in stroke patients.
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